Noonan syndrome differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
===LEOPARD Syndrome=== | ===LEOPARD Syndrome=== | ||
LEOPARD syndrome, also known as multiple lentigines syndrome, is a rare congenital condition characterized by skin, facial and cardiac anomalies. LEOPARD is an acronym that summarizes the most important features of this disease which includes | LEOPARD syndrome, also known as multiple lentigines syndrome, is a rare congenital condition characterized by skin, facial and cardiac anomalies. LEOPARD is an acronym that summarizes the most important features of this disease which includes '''L'''entigines, '''E'''CG findings (conduction abnormalities), '''O'''cular problems (hypertelorism), '''P'''ulmonic stenosis, '''A'''bnormal genitalia, growth '''R'''etardation, and '''D'''eafness.<ref name="pmid4398858">{{cite journal| author=Gorlin RJ, Anderson RC, Moller JH| title=The leopard (multiple lentigines) syndrome revisited. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 1971 | volume= 81 | issue= 10 | pages= 1674-81 | pmid=4398858 | doi=10.1288/00005537-197110000-00015 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4398858 }} </ref> Phenotypically and genotypically, LEOPARD syndrome closely resembles Noonan syndrome although around 200 cases have only been reported worldwide. The disorder also involves mutations in the PTPN11 gene responsible for the NSH-2 domain on SHP-2. Several common loci of missense mutations are shared between these 2 syndromes, and genetic analysis alone can sometimes be hard to differentiate the two. Clinically, LS is a combination of neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan syndrome. The lentigines are important to make the diagnosis, although some do not appear before 4 to 5 years of age. Other signs more prominent in LS compared to Noonan are the very high prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and deafness.<ref name="pmid18505544">{{cite journal| author=Sarkozy A, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B| title=Leopard syndrome. | journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis | year= 2008 | volume= 3 | issue= | pages= 13 | pmid=18505544 | doi=10.1186/1750-1172-3-13 | pmc=PMC2467408 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18505544 }} </ref> | ||
===Turner Syndrome=== | ===Turner Syndrome=== | ||
Revision as of 01:59, 9 November 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian
Overview
Differential Diagnosis
LEOPARD Syndrome
LEOPARD syndrome, also known as multiple lentigines syndrome, is a rare congenital condition characterized by skin, facial and cardiac anomalies. LEOPARD is an acronym that summarizes the most important features of this disease which includes Lentigines, ECG findings (conduction abnormalities), Ocular problems (hypertelorism), Pulmonic stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, growth Retardation, and Deafness.[1] Phenotypically and genotypically, LEOPARD syndrome closely resembles Noonan syndrome although around 200 cases have only been reported worldwide. The disorder also involves mutations in the PTPN11 gene responsible for the NSH-2 domain on SHP-2. Several common loci of missense mutations are shared between these 2 syndromes, and genetic analysis alone can sometimes be hard to differentiate the two. Clinically, LS is a combination of neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan syndrome. The lentigines are important to make the diagnosis, although some do not appear before 4 to 5 years of age. Other signs more prominent in LS compared to Noonan are the very high prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and deafness.[2]
Turner Syndrome
References
- ↑ Gorlin RJ, Anderson RC, Moller JH (1971). "The leopard (multiple lentigines) syndrome revisited". Laryngoscope. 81 (10): 1674–81. doi:10.1288/00005537-197110000-00015. PMID 4398858.
- ↑ Sarkozy A, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B (2008). "Leopard syndrome". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 3: 13. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-3-13. PMC 2467408. PMID 18505544.
Template:Phakomatoses and other congenital malformations not elsewhere classified