Coccidioidomycosis future or investigational therapies: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The major focus has been the development of a defined, T-cell-reactive, recombinant protein vaccine.Cole GT et al in 2008 described the first genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccine that protects both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice against coccidioidomycosis. Two chitinase genes (CTS2 and CTS3) were disrupted to yield the attenuated strain, which was unable to endosporulate and was no longer infectious. Vaccinated survivors mounted an immune response characterized by production of both T-helper-1- and T-helper-2-type cytokines. Histology revealed well-formed granulomas and markedly diminished inflammation. Significantly fewer organisms were observed in the lungs of survivors than in those of nonvaccinated mice. However futher research is needed before we adapt these models to human beings.<ref name="Xue-2009">{{Cite journal | last1 = Xue | first1 = J. | last2 = Chen | first2 = X. | last3 = Selby | first3 = D. | last4 = Hung | first4 = CY. | last5 = Yu | first5 = JJ. | last6 = Cole | first6 = GT. | title = A genetically engineered live attenuated vaccine of Coccidioides posadasii protects BALB/c mice against coccidioidomycosis. | journal = Infect Immun | volume = 77 | issue = 8 | pages = 3196-208 | month = Aug | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1128/IAI.00459-09 | PMID = 19487479 }}</ref> | The major focus has been the development of a defined, T-cell-reactive, recombinant protein vaccine. Cole GT et al in 2008 described the first genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccine that protects both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice against coccidioidomycosis. Two chitinase genes (CTS2 and CTS3) were disrupted to yield the attenuated strain, which was unable to endosporulate and was no longer infectious. Vaccinated survivors mounted an immune response characterized by production of both T-helper-1- and T-helper-2-type cytokines. Histology revealed well-formed granulomas and markedly diminished inflammation. Significantly fewer organisms were observed in the lungs of survivors than in those of nonvaccinated mice. However futher research is needed before we adapt these models to human beings.<ref name="Xue-2009">{{Cite journal | last1 = Xue | first1 = J. | last2 = Chen | first2 = X. | last3 = Selby | first3 = D. | last4 = Hung | first4 = CY. | last5 = Yu | first5 = JJ. | last6 = Cole | first6 = GT. | title = A genetically engineered live attenuated vaccine of Coccidioides posadasii protects BALB/c mice against coccidioidomycosis. | journal = Infect Immun | volume = 77 | issue = 8 | pages = 3196-208 | month = Aug | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1128/IAI.00459-09 | PMID = 19487479 }}</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ; Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
The major focus has been the development of a defined, T-cell-reactive, recombinant protein vaccine. Cole GT et al in 2008 described the first genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccine that protects both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice against coccidioidomycosis. Two chitinase genes (CTS2 and CTS3) were disrupted to yield the attenuated strain, which was unable to endosporulate and was no longer infectious. Vaccinated survivors mounted an immune response characterized by production of both T-helper-1- and T-helper-2-type cytokines. Histology revealed well-formed granulomas and markedly diminished inflammation. Significantly fewer organisms were observed in the lungs of survivors than in those of nonvaccinated mice. However futher research is needed before we adapt these models to human beings.[1]
References
- ↑ Xue, J.; Chen, X.; Selby, D.; Hung, CY.; Yu, JJ.; Cole, GT. (2009). "A genetically engineered live attenuated vaccine of Coccidioides posadasii protects BALB/c mice against coccidioidomycosis". Infect Immun. 77 (8): 3196–208. doi:10.1128/IAI.00459-09. PMID 19487479. Unknown parameter
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