Diabetes mellitus dietary management: Difference between revisions
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===Energy Balance, Overweight and Obesity | ===Energy Balance, Overweight and Obesity=== | ||
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| bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' For patients on low-carbohydrate diets, monitor lipid profiles, renal function, and protein intake (in those with ne- phropathy) and adjust hypoglycemic therapy as needed. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: E]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | | bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' For patients on low-carbohydrate diets, monitor lipid profiles, renal function, and protein intake (in those with ne- phropathy) and adjust hypoglycemic therapy as needed. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: E]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
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| bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>''' | | bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''4.''' Physical activity and behavior modification are important components of weight loss programs and are most helpful in maintenance of weight loss. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
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===Other Nutrition Recommendations=== | |||
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| bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' If adults with diabetes choose to use alcohol, they should limit intake to a moderate amount (one drink per day or less for adult women and two drinks per day or less for adult men) and should take extra precautions to prevent hypoglycemia. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: E]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Routine supplementation with anti- oxidants, such as vitamins E and C and carotene, is not advised because of lack of evidence of efficacy and concern related to long-term safety. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| bgcolor="Seashell"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' It is recommended that individualized meal planning include optimization of food choices to meet recommended dietary allowance (RDA)/dietary reference intake (DRI) for all micronutrients. ''([[ADA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: E]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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Revision as of 21:05, 16 December 2013
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Diabetes mellitus Main page |
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Patient Information |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [3] Karol Gema Hernandez, M.D. [4]
Dietary Management
General nutritional recommendation
Healthy diabetic eating includes[1]
- Limiting foods that are high in sugar.
- Eating smaller portions, spread out over the day.
- Being careful about when and how many carbohydrates are eaten.
- Eating a variety of whole-grain foods, fruits and vegetables every day.
- Eating less fat.
- Limiting your use of alcohol.
- Using less salt.
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
American Diabetes Association
American Dietetic Association
2013 American Diabetes Association Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (DO NOT EDIT)[2]
Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)
| "1. Individuals who have prediabetes or diabetes should receive individualized MNT as needed to achieve treatment goals, preferably provided by a regis- tered dietitian familiar with the com- ponents of diabetes MNT. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "2. Because MNT can result in cost-savings and improved outcomes (Level of Evidence: B), MNT should be adequately covered by insurance and other payers. (Level of Evidence: E)" |
Energy Balance, Overweight and Obesity
| "1. Weight loss is recommended for all overweight or obese individuals who have or are at risk for diabetes. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "2. For weight loss, either low-carbohydrate, low-fat calorie-restricted, or Mediterranean diets may be effective in the short- term (up to 2 years). (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "3. For patients on low-carbohydrate diets, monitor lipid profiles, renal function, and protein intake (in those with ne- phropathy) and adjust hypoglycemic therapy as needed. (Level of Evidence: E)" |
| "4. Physical activity and behavior modification are important components of weight loss programs and are most helpful in maintenance of weight loss. (Level of Evidence: B)" |
Other Nutrition Recommendations
| "1. If adults with diabetes choose to use alcohol, they should limit intake to a moderate amount (one drink per day or less for adult women and two drinks per day or less for adult men) and should take extra precautions to prevent hypoglycemia. (Level of Evidence: E)" |
| "2. Routine supplementation with anti- oxidants, such as vitamins E and C and carotene, is not advised because of lack of evidence of efficacy and concern related to long-term safety. (Level of Evidence: A)" |
| "3. It is recommended that individualized meal planning include optimization of food choices to meet recommended dietary allowance (RDA)/dietary reference intake (DRI) for all micronutrients. (Level of Evidence: E)" |
References
- ↑ "Diabetic Diet: MedlinePlus". Retrieved 2013-03-02.
- ↑ American Diabetes Association (2013). "Standards of medical care in diabetes--2013". Diabetes Care. 36 Suppl 1: S11–66. doi:10.2337/dc13-S011. PMC 3537269. PMID 23264422.