Acyclovir (oral): Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Aciclovir''' ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]]) {{IPAc-en|eɪ|ˈ|s|aɪ|k|l|ɵ|v|ɪər}} or '''acyclovir''' ([[United States Adopted Name|USAN]], former [[British Approved Name|BAN]]), chemical name '''acycloguanosine''', abbreviated as '''ACV''',<ref name=deClercq2005>{{Cite news | |||
| last = de Clercq | first = Erik | last2 = Field | first2 = Hugh J | |||
| publication-date = January 2006 | date = 5 October 2005 | title = Antiviral prodrugs – the development of successful prodrug strategies for antiviral chemotherapy | |||
| periodical = [[British Journal of Pharmacology]] | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell | |||
| volume = 147 | issue = 1 | |||
| pages = 1–11| url = | issn = | |||
| pmid= 16284630 | pmc= 1615839 | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706446 | |||
| postscript = <!--None--> | |||
}}</ref> | |||
is a [[guanosine]] [[nucleic acid analogues|analogue]] [[antiviral drug]], marketed under trade names such as ''Cyclovir'', ''Herpex'', ''Acivir'', ''Acivirax'', ''Zovirax'', ''Zoral'', ''Xovir'' and ''Imavir <ref>http://www.jfda.jo/</ref>'' . One of the most commonly used antiviral drugs, it is primarily used for the treatment of [[herpes simplex virus]] infections, as well as in the treatment of [[varicella zoster virus|varicella zoster (chickenpox)]] and [[herpes zoster|herpes zoster (shingles)]]. | |||
==Category== | ==Category== | ||
Revision as of 18:36, 31 December 2013
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Aciclovir (INN) /eɪˈsaɪkl[invalid input: 'ɵ']vɪər/ or acyclovir (USAN, former BAN), chemical name acycloguanosine, abbreviated as ACV,[1] is a guanosine analogue antiviral drug, marketed under trade names such as Cyclovir, Herpex, Acivir, Acivirax, Zovirax, Zoral, Xovir and Imavir [2] . One of the most commonly used antiviral drugs, it is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, as well as in the treatment of varicella zoster (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles).
Category
Antiviral
US Brand Names
ZOVIRAX®
FDA Package Insert
Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Microbiology | Indications and Usage | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Overdosage | Clinical Studies | Dosage and Administration | How Supplied | Labels and Packages
Mechanism of Action
Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
The inhibitory activity of acyclovir is highly selective due to its affinity for the enzyme thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by HSV and VZV. This viral enzyme converts acyclovir into acyclovir monophosphate, a nucleotide analogue. The monophosphate is further converted into diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase and into triphosphate by a number of cellular enzymes. In vitro, acyclovir triphosphate stops replication of herpes viral DNA. This is accomplished in 3 ways: 1) competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase, 2) incorporation into and termination of the growing viral DNA chain, and 3) inactivation of the viral DNA polymerase. The greater antiviral activity of acyclovir against HSV compared with VZV is due to its more efficient phosphorylation by the viral TK.
References
- ↑ de Clercq, Erik; Field, Hugh J (5 October 2005). "Antiviral prodrugs – the development of successful prodrug strategies for antiviral chemotherapy". British Journal of Pharmacology. 147 (1). Wiley-Blackwell (published January 2006). pp. 1–11. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706446. PMC 1615839. PMID 16284630.
- ↑ http://www.jfda.jo/