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| __NOTOC__
| | #REDIRECT [[Ramipril#Adult Indications and Dosage]] |
| {{Ramipril}}
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AM}}
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| ==Indications and Usage==
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| ====Hypertension====
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| ALTACE is indicated for the treatment of [[hypertension]], to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily [[strokes]] and [[myocardial infarctions]]. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including this drug.
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| Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, [[diabetes]] management, [[antithrombotic therapy]], smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals.
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| Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of [[stroke]], but reductions in [[myocardial infarction]] and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly.
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| Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mmHg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with [[diabetes]] or [[hyperlipidemia]]), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal.
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| Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on [[angina]], [[heart failure]], or [[diabetic kidney disease]]). These considerations may guide selection of therapy.
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| ALTACE may be used alone or in combination with [[thiazide]] diuretics.
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| ====Reduction in the Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death from Cardiovascular Causes====
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| ALTACE is indicated in patients 55 years or older at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event because of a history of [[coronary artery disease]], [[stroke]], [[peripheral vascular disease]], or [[diabetes]] that is accompanied by at least one other cardiovascular risk factor ([[hypertension]], elevated total cholesterol levels, low [[HDL]] levels, cigarette smoking, or documented [[microalbuminuria]]), to reduce the risk of [[myocardial infarctio]]n, [[stroke]], or death from cardiovascular causes. ALTACE can be used in addition to other needed treatment (such as [[antihypertensive]], [[antiplatelet]], or [[lipid-lowering therapy]]).
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| ====Heart Failure Post-Myocardial Infarction====
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| ALTACE is indicated in stable patients who have demonstrated clinical signs of [[congestive heart failure]] within the first few days after sustaining [[acute myocardial infarction]]. Administration of ALTACE to such patients has been shown to decrease the risk of death (principally cardiovascular death) and to decrease the risks of failure-related hospitalization and progression to severe/resistant heart failure [see Clinical Studies.<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = ALTACE (RAMIPRIL) CAPSULE [PFIZER LABORATORIES DIV PFIZER INC] | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=0fc34cd8-86e6-4034-73bd-4263a68ba046 | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{FDA}}
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| [[Category:Cardiovascular Drugs]]
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| [[Category:Drugs]]
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