Anhedonia diagnostic criteria: Difference between revisions

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Assessment rather than diagnosis is made for anhedonia as it is not a psychiatric disorder in itself.
Assessment rather than diagnosis is made for anhedonia as it is not a psychiatric disorder in itself.
Following are a few frequently used self-questionnaires,
Following are a few frequently used self-questionnaires,
#Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale the (PAS): It has 61 questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from physical stimuli like food, and sex.  Higher the score, more is the physical anhedonia.
#Revised Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale (CSAS)
#Fawcett-Clark Pleasure Scale (FCPS)
#Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHPS or SH APS)


Above instruments calibrate hedonic capacity.  However the psychometric properties are different. Patients with higher scores on self-report measures of anhedonia tends to have lower hedonic responses to,  
===Social Anhedonia===
There are several self-report psychometric measures of [[schizotypy]] which each contain subscales related to social anhedonia:
*Revised Social Anhedonia Scale—Chapman Psychosis Proneness Scales: It has 40 true or false questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from other people, talking etc non physical stimuli.  Higher the score, more is the social anhedonia.
*Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (R-PAS): It has 61 questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from physical stimuli like food, and sex.  Higher the score, more is the physical anhedonia.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = A study of trait anhedonia in non-clinical Chinese ... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529910?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate =  }}</ref><ref>Eckblad, M.L., Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Mishlove, M. (1982). The Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. Unpublished test.</ref><ref>Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Raulin, M.L. (1976). Scales for physical and social anhedonia. ''Journal of Abnormal Psychology'', 85, 374-382.</ref>
*Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ): Used to screen for schizotypal personality disorder in the general population.  Higher scores equate to severity of schizotypal personality symptoms.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): e... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530007?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate =  }}</ref><ref name="schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = The SPQ: A Scale for the Assessment of Schizotypal Personality Based on DSM-III-R Criteria | url = http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/4/555 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
*Introverted Anhedonia Subscale—Oxford Liverpool Inventory of Feelings & Experiences <ref>Mason, O., Claridge, G., & Jackson, M. (l995). New scales for the assessment of schizotypy. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 7-13.</ref>
 
Following instruments calibrate hedonic capacity.  However the psychometric properties are different.
*Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale the (PAS):
*Revised Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale (CSAS)
*Fawcett-Clark Pleasure Scale (FCPS)
*Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHPS or SH APS)
 
Patients with higher scores on self-report measures of anhedonia tends to have lower hedonic responses to,  
*Emotive pictures
*Emotive pictures
*Positive emotional scripts, and sucrose solution
*Positive emotional scripts, and sucrose solution
*Emotion-eliciting slides w.r.t. facial expression and heart rate.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181880/#ref28 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. | url = http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/167/1/99 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Psychometric evaluation of the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) in adult outpatients with major depressive disorder | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957191/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
*Emotion-eliciting slides w.r.t. facial expression and heart rate.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181880/#ref28 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. | url = http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/167/1/99 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Psychometric evaluation of the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) in adult outpatients with major depressive disorder | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957191/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
*Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): It has 20 items, covering consummatory contextual, consummatory abstract, anticipatory contextual, and anticipatory abstract. this scale aims to evaluate individual trait dispositions in anticipatory and consummatory pleasure experiences.  Higher the score, more is the hedonic capability.
*Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): It has 20 items, covering consummatory contextual, consummatory abstract, anticipatory contextual, and anticipatory abstract. this scale aims to evaluate individual trait dispositions in anticipatory and consummatory pleasure experiences.  Higher the score, more is the hedonic capability.
===Social Anhedonia===
There are several self-report psychometric measures of [[schizotypy]] which each contain subscales related to social anhedonia:
*Revised Social Anhedonia Scale—Chapman Psychosis Proneness Scales: It has 40 true or false questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from other people, talking etc non physical stimuli.  Higher the score, more is the social anhedonia.
*Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (R-PAS):  <ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = A study of trait anhedonia in non-clinical Chinese ... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529910?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate =  }}</ref>
<ref>Eckblad, M.L., Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Mishlove, M. (1982). The Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. Unpublished test.</ref><ref>Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Raulin, M.L. (1976). Scales for physical and social anhedonia. ''Journal of Abnormal Psychology'', 85, 374-382.</ref>
*Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ)
Used to screen for schizotypal personality disorder in the general population.  Higher scores equate to severity of schizotypal personality symptoms.<ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): e... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530007?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate =  }}</ref><ref name="schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = The SPQ: A Scale for the Assessment of Schizotypal Personality Based on DSM-III-R Criteria | url = http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/4/555 | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
*Introverted Anhedonia Subscale—Oxford Liverpool Inventory of Feelings & Experiences <ref>Mason, O., Claridge, G., & Jackson, M. (l995). New scales for the assessment of schizotypy. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 7-13.</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 04:28, 20 March 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [2]

Overview

As an emotion is accompanied by various physiological responses, body language, goal directed behavior, appraisal etc. Calibration of anhedonia can be done by various ways, e.g. behavioral , electrophysiological, hemodynamic, interview-based measures, and self-reports.

Diagnostic Criteria

Assessment rather than diagnosis is made for anhedonia as it is not a psychiatric disorder in itself. Following are a few frequently used self-questionnaires,

Social Anhedonia

There are several self-report psychometric measures of schizotypy which each contain subscales related to social anhedonia:

  • Revised Social Anhedonia Scale—Chapman Psychosis Proneness Scales: It has 40 true or false questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from other people, talking etc non physical stimuli. Higher the score, more is the social anhedonia.
  • Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (R-PAS): It has 61 questions, this scale aims to evaluate inability to experience pleasure from physical stimuli like food, and sex. Higher the score, more is the physical anhedonia.[1][2][3]
  • Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ): Used to screen for schizotypal personality disorder in the general population. Higher scores equate to severity of schizotypal personality symptoms.[4][5]
  • Introverted Anhedonia Subscale—Oxford Liverpool Inventory of Feelings & Experiences [6]

Following instruments calibrate hedonic capacity. However the psychometric properties are different.

  • Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale the (PAS):
  • Revised Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale (CSAS)
  • Fawcett-Clark Pleasure Scale (FCPS)
  • Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHPS or SH APS)

Patients with higher scores on self-report measures of anhedonia tends to have lower hedonic responses to,

  • Emotive pictures
  • Positive emotional scripts, and sucrose solution
  • Emotion-eliciting slides w.r.t. facial expression and heart rate.[7][8][9]
  • Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): It has 20 items, covering consummatory contextual, consummatory abstract, anticipatory contextual, and anticipatory abstract. this scale aims to evaluate individual trait dispositions in anticipatory and consummatory pleasure experiences. Higher the score, more is the hedonic capability.

References

  1. ↑ "A study of trait anhedonia in non-clinical Chinese ... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI".
  2. ↑ Eckblad, M.L., Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Mishlove, M. (1982). The Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. Unpublished test.
  3. ↑ Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., & Raulin, M.L. (1976). Scales for physical and social anhedonia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 374-382.
  4. ↑ "The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS): e... [PLoS One. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI".
  5. ↑ "The SPQ: A Scale for the Assessment of Schizotypal Personality Based on DSM-III-R Criteria".
  6. ↑ Mason, O., Claridge, G., & Jackson, M. (l995). New scales for the assessment of schizotypy. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 7-13.
  7. ↑ "Neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia".
  8. ↑ "A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale".
  9. ↑ "Psychometric evaluation of the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) in adult outpatients with major depressive disorder".

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