Cardiogenic shock causes: Difference between revisions

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|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Traumatic aortic rupture|Acute aortic perforation]], Acute [[aortic]] [[syndrome]], [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[Acute myocardial infarction]], [[Pulmonary embolism|Acute pulmonary embolism]], [[Coronary stent thrombosis|Acute stent thrombosis]], Acute [[valvular]] [[Regurgitation (circulation)|regurgitation]], Anterior [[Cardiomyopathy|myocardial dysfuntion]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Aortic insufficiency]], [[Aortic regurgitation]], [[Aortic stenosis]], [[Stress cardiomyopathy|Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy]], [[Arrhythmias]], [[Atrial fibrillation]], [[Atrial flutter]], [[Atrial myxoma]], [[Atrioventricular block]], [[Bezold-Jarisch reflex]], [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[Chordal rupture]], [[Coarctation of the aorta]], [[Compression of the heart]], [[Congenital lesions]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[Coronary artery bypass grafting]], [[Coronary artery disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Excess ventricular wall stress]], [[Free wall rupture]], [[Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion]], [[Hypertensive crisis]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Hypophosphatemia]], [[Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction]], [[Inferior myocardial infarction]], [[Inferoposterior infarction]], [[Interventricular septum rupture]], [[Left ventricle failure]], [[Left ventricular free wall rupture]], [[Mechanical obstruction]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Multivessel coronary artery disease]], [[Myocardial disease]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Myopericarditis]], [[Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi)]], [[Papillary muscle dysfunction]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial disease]], [[Pericardial effusion]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Prior valvular disease]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Right ventricle infarction]], [[Right ventricular failure]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm]], [[Septic shock with myocardial depression]], [[Severe cardiomyopathy]], [[Severe pulmonary hypertension]], [[Sinus bradycardia]], [[St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi)]], [[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]], [[Subendocardial ischemia]], [[Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[Tension pneumothorax]], [[Three vessel coronary disease]], [[Unsuspected coronary dissection]], [[Unsuspected coronary perforation]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Valvular disease]], [[Vasodilators]], [[Venodilators]], [[Ventricular fibrillation]], [[Ventricular septal defect]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]], [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Traumatic aortic rupture|Acute aortic perforation]], Acute [[aortic]] [[syndrome]], [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[Acute myocardial infarction]], [[Pulmonary embolism|Acute pulmonary embolism]], [[Coronary stent thrombosis|Acute stent thrombosis]], Acute [[valvular]] [[Regurgitation (circulation)|regurgitation]], Anterior [[Cardiomyopathy|myocardial dysfuntion]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Aortic insufficiency]], [[Aortic regurgitation]], [[Aortic stenosis]], [[Stress cardiomyopathy|Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy]], [[Arrhythmias]], [[Atrial fibrillation]], [[Atrial flutter]], [[Atrial myxoma]], [[Atrioventricular block]], [[Bezold-Jarisch reflex]], [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[Chordae tendineae rupture|Chordal rupture]], [[Coarctation of the aorta]], [[Commotio cordis|Compression of the heart]], [[Congenital disorder|Congenital lesions]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[Coronary artery bypass grafting]], [[Coronary artery disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Excess ventricular wall stress]], [[Free wall rupture]], [[Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion]], [[Hypertensive crisis]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Hypophosphatemia]], [[Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction]], [[Inferior myocardial infarction]], [[Inferoposterior infarction]], [[Interventricular septum rupture]], [[Left ventricle failure]], [[Left ventricular free wall rupture]], [[Mechanical obstruction]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Multivessel coronary artery disease]], [[Myocardial disease]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Myopericarditis]], [[Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi)]], [[Papillary muscle dysfunction]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial disease]], [[Pericardial effusion]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Prior valvular disease]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Right ventricle infarction]], [[Right ventricular failure]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm]], [[Septic shock with myocardial depression]], [[Severe cardiomyopathy]], [[Severe pulmonary hypertension]], [[Sinus bradycardia]], [[St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi)]], [[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]], [[Subendocardial ischemia]], [[Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[Tension pneumothorax]], [[Three vessel coronary disease]], [[Unsuspected coronary dissection]], [[Unsuspected coronary perforation]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Valvular disease]], [[Vasodilators]], [[Venodilators]], [[Ventricular fibrillation]], [[Ventricular septal defect]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]], [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
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| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Congenital lesions]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Ventricular septal defect]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Congenital disorder|Congenital lesions]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Ventricular septal defect]]
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Traumatic aortic rupture|Acute aortic perforation]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Chordal rupture]], [[Compression of the heart]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Trauma]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Traumatic aortic rupture|Acute aortic perforation]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Chordae tendineae rupture|Chordal rupture]], [[Commotio cordis|Compression of the heart]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Trauma]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]]
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  Acute [[aortic]] [[syndrome]], [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[Acute myocardial infarction]], [[Pulmonary embolism|Acute pulmonary embolism]], Acute [[valvular]] [[Regurgitation (circulation)|regurgitation]], Anterior [[Cardiomyopathy|myocardial dysfuntion]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Aortic insufficiency]], [[Aortic regurgitation]], [[Aortic stenosis]], [[Stress cardiomyopathy|Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy]], [[Arrhythmias]], [[Atrial fibrillation]], [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[Chordal rupture]], [[Coarctation of the aorta]], [[Compression of the heart]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Coronary artery disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Excess ventricular wall stress]], [[Free wall rupture]], [[Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion]], [[Hypertensive crisis]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Hypophosphatemia]], [[Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction]], [[Inferior myocardial infarction]], [[Inferoposterior infarction]], [[Interventricular septum rupture]], [[Left ventricle failure]], [[Left ventricular free wall rupture]], [[Mechanical obstruction]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Multivessel coronary artery disease]], [[Myocardial disease]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Myopericarditis]], [[Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi)]], [[Papillary muscle dysfunction]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial disease]], [[Pericardial effusion]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Prior valvular disease]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Right ventricle infarction]], [[Right ventricular failure]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm]], [[Septic shock with myocardial depression]], [[Severe cardiomyopathy]], [[Severe pulmonary hypertension]], [[Sinus bradycardia]], [[St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi)]], [[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]], [[Subendocardial ischemia]], [[Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[Tension pneumothorax]], [[Three vessel coronary disease]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Valvular disease]], [[Ventricular fibrillation]], [[Ventricular septal defect]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]], [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|  Acute [[aortic]] [[syndrome]], [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[Acute myocardial infarction]], [[Pulmonary embolism|Acute pulmonary embolism]], Acute [[valvular]] [[Regurgitation (circulation)|regurgitation]], Anterior [[Cardiomyopathy|myocardial dysfuntion]], [[Aortic dissection]], [[Aortic insufficiency]], [[Aortic regurgitation]], [[Aortic stenosis]], [[Stress cardiomyopathy|Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy]], [[Arrhythmias]], [[Atrial fibrillation]], [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[Chordae tendineae rupture|Chordal rupture]], [[Coarctation of the aorta]], [[Commotio cordis|Compression of the heart]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Coronary artery disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Excess ventricular wall stress]], [[Free wall rupture]], [[Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion]], [[Hypertensive crisis]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Hypophosphatemia]], [[Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction]], [[Inferior myocardial infarction]], [[Inferoposterior infarction]], [[Interventricular septum rupture]], [[Left ventricle failure]], [[Left ventricular free wall rupture]], [[Mechanical obstruction]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Multivessel coronary artery disease]], [[Myocardial disease]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Myopericarditis]], [[Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi)]], [[Papillary muscle dysfunction]], [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Pericardial disease]], [[Pericardial effusion]], [[Pericardial tamponade]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Prior valvular disease]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta]], [[Right ventricle infarction]], [[Right ventricular failure]], [[Rupture of chordae tendineae]], [[Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm]], [[Septic shock with myocardial depression]], [[Severe cardiomyopathy]], [[Severe pulmonary hypertension]], [[Sinus bradycardia]], [[St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi)]], [[Stress-induced cardiomyopathy]], [[Subendocardial ischemia]], [[Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy]], [[Tension pneumothorax]], [[Three vessel coronary disease]], [[Valvular defect]], [[Valvular disease]], [[Ventricular fibrillation]], [[Ventricular septal defect]], [[Ventricular septal rupture]], [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
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Revision as of 04:11, 2 May 2014

Cardiogenic Shock Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cardiogenic shock from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Cardiogenic shock causes On the Web

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Cardiogenic shock causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]

Overview

Cardiogenic shock may occur in the setting of different cardiac conditions, therefore assessing its source in the cardiac patient may be challenging. These cardiac conditions may involve different structures of the heart including: myocardial or pericardial disease, valvular disease, acute coronary syndrome or different mechanical injuries to the heart, described below. Nevertheless, considering the predominance of coronary artery disease today, ACS is the most common cause of this type of shock. To reach the right diagnosis, the clinician will have to gather information from the history and clinical examination, however, since most conditions may present with overlapping syndromes, timing and changes in these findings are of outermost importance.[1] Auxiliary tools, such as echocardiography and electrocardiography, are crucial in differentiating and identifying the possible causes of cardiogenic shock.[2][3]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Cardiogenic Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes. Life-threatening conditions may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning Acute aortic perforation, Acute aortic syndrome, Acute coronary syndrome, Acute myocardial infarction, Acute pulmonary embolism, Acute stent thrombosis, Acute valvular regurgitation, Anterior myocardial dysfuntion, Aortic dissection, Aortic insufficiency, Aortic regurgitation, Aortic stenosis, Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation, Atrial flutter, Atrial myxoma, Atrioventricular block, Bezold-Jarisch reflex, Cardiac tamponade, Chordal rupture, Coarctation of the aorta, Compression of the heart, Congenital lesions, Congestive heart failure, Constrictive pericarditis, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Coronary artery disease, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Endocarditis, Excess ventricular wall stress, Free wall rupture, Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion, Hypertensive crisis, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Hypophosphatemia, Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, Inferior myocardial infarction, Inferoposterior infarction, Interventricular septum rupture, Left ventricle failure, Left ventricular free wall rupture, Mechanical obstruction, Mitral regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, Multivessel coronary artery disease, Myocardial disease, Myocardial infarction, Myocarditis, Myopericarditis, Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi), Papillary muscle dysfunction, Papillary muscle rupture, Pericardial disease, Pericardial effusion, Pericardial tamponade, Pneumothorax, Prior valvular disease, Pulmonary embolism, Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta, Right ventricle infarction, Right ventricular failure, Rupture of chordae tendineae, Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm, Septic shock with myocardial depression, Severe cardiomyopathy, Severe pulmonary hypertension, Sinus bradycardia, St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi), Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, Subendocardial ischemia, Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, Tension pneumothorax, Three vessel coronary disease, Unsuspected coronary dissection, Unsuspected coronary perforation, Valvular defect, Valvular disease, Vasodilators, Venodilators, Ventricular fibrillation, Ventricular septal defect, Ventricular septal rupture, Ventricular tachycardia
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Anaphylaxis, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, Diuretics, Morphine, Nitrates, Vasodilators, Venodilators
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Congenital lesions, Valvular defect, Ventricular septal defect
Hematologic Hypophosphatemia
Iatrogenic Acute aortic perforation, Acute stent thrombosis, Anaphylaxis, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Diuretics, Iatrogenic, Morphine, Nitrates, Unsuspected coronary dissection, Unsuspected coronary perforation, Vasodilators, Venodilators
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy, Bezold-Jarisch reflex, Sinus bradycardia, Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Atrial myxoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Acute pulmonary embolism, Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary embolism, Severe pulmonary hypertension, Tension pneumothorax
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis, Constrictive pericarditis, Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Myopericarditis, Septic shock with myocardial depression
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Acute aortic perforation, Aortic dissection, Chordal rupture, Compression of the heart, Papillary muscle rupture, Pericardial tamponade, Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta, Rupture of chordae tendineae, Trauma, Ventricular septal rupture
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Acute aortic syndrome, Acute coronary syndrome, Acute myocardial infarction, Acute pulmonary embolism, Acute valvular regurgitation, Anterior myocardial dysfuntion, Aortic dissection, Aortic insufficiency, Aortic regurgitation, Aortic stenosis, Apical ballooning cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation, Cardiac tamponade, Chordal rupture, Coarctation of the aorta, Compression of the heart, Congestive heart failure, Coronary artery disease, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Endocarditis, Excess ventricular wall stress, Free wall rupture, Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion, Hypertensive crisis, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Hypophosphatemia, Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, Inferior myocardial infarction, Inferoposterior infarction, Interventricular septum rupture, Left ventricle failure, Left ventricular free wall rupture, Mechanical obstruction, Mitral regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, Multivessel coronary artery disease, Myocardial disease, Myocardial infarction, Myocarditis, Myopericarditis, Non-st elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi), Papillary muscle dysfunction, Papillary muscle rupture, Pericardial disease, Pericardial effusion, Pericardial tamponade, Pneumothorax, Prior valvular disease, Pulmonary embolism, Retrograde dissection of ascending aorta, Right ventricle infarction, Right ventricular failure, Rupture of chordae tendineae, Ruptured ventricular free wall aneurysm, Septic shock with myocardial depression, Severe cardiomyopathy, Severe pulmonary hypertension, Sinus bradycardia, St elevation myocardial infarction (stemi), Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, Subendocardial ischemia, Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, Tension pneumothorax, Three vessel coronary disease, Valvular defect, Valvular disease, Ventricular fibrillation, Ventricular septal defect, Ventricular septal rupture, Ventricular tachycardia

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Causes of Cardiogenic Shock Classified According to Underlying Pathophysiologic Mechanism

Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction

  • Excess wall stress

Obstruction of Left Ventricular Outflow and Increased After Load

Reversal of Flow into the Left Ventricle

Inadequate Left Ventricular Filling due to Mechanical Causes

Inadequate Left Ventricular Filling due to Inadequate Filling Time

Conduction Abnormalities

Mechanical Defect

Right Ventricular Failure

Iatrogenic

Miscellaneous

References

  1. ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
  2. ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
  3. ↑ Reynolds, H. R.; Hochman, J. S. (2008). "Cardiogenic Shock: Current Concepts and Improving Outcomes". Circulation. 117 (5): 686–697. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.613596. ISSN 0009-7322.
  4. ↑ Hasdai, David. (2002). Cardiogenic shock : diagnosis and treatmen. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN 1-58829-025-5.
  5. ↑ Gianni, M. (2006). "Apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a systematic review". European Heart Journal. 27 (13): 1523–1529. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl032. ISSN 0195-668X.


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