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| __NOTOC__
| | #Redirect [[Yersinia pestis infection differential diagnosis]] |
| {{Pneumonic plague}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| ==Differentiating Pneumonic Plague from other Diseases==
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| Pneumonic plague should be differentiated from the following diseases:
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| *Inhalational [[anthrax]] (''Bacillus anthracis'')
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| **Widened [[mediastinum]] and [[pleural effusions]] seen on CXR or chest CT
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| **Not true [[pneumonia]]; minimal [[sputum]] production
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| **[[Hemoptysis]] uncommon (if present, suggests diagnosis of plague)
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| *[[Tularemia]] (''Francisella tularensis'')
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| **Clinical course not as rapid or fulminant as in pneumonic plague
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| *[[Mycoplasmal pneumonia]] (''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'')
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| **Rarely as [[fulminant]] as pneumonic plague
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| *[[Pneumonia]] caused by ''Chlamydia pneumoniae''
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| **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
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| *[[Legionnaires' disease]] (''Legionella pneumophila'' or other Legionella species)
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| **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
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| **Community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease often involve exposure to cooling systems
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| **Legionellosis and many other diseases caused by bacterial agents (S aureus, S pneumoniae, H influenzae, K pneumoniae, M catarrhalis) usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly
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| *[[Psittacosis]] (''Chlamydia psittaci'')
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| **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
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| **Result of bird exposure
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| *Other bacterial agents (e.g., ''Staphyloccocus aureus'', ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'', ''Haemophilus influenzae'', ''Klebsiella pneumoniae'', ''Moraxella catarrhalis'')
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| **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
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| **Usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly
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| *[[Influenza]]
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| **Influenza generally seasonal (October-March in United States) or involves history of recent cruise ship travel or travel to tropics
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| *[[Hantavirus]]
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| **Exposure to excrement (urine or feces) of mice with Hantavirus
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| *[[RSV]]
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| **RSV usually occurs in children (although may be cause of pneumonia in elderly); tends to be seasonal (winter/spring)
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| *[[CMV]]
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| **CMV usually occurs in immunocompromised patients
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| *[[Q fever]] (''Coxiella burnetii'')
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| **Exposure to infected parturient cats, cattle, sheep, goats
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| **Severe pneumonia not prominent feature
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
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| [[Category:Infectious disease]]
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| [[Category:Epidemics]]
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| [[Category:Pandemics]]
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| [[Category:Zoonoses]]
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| [[Category:Insect-borne diseases]]
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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| [[Category:Needs overview]]
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