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{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
! style="width: 500px;background: #4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''Severity of the disease'''''}}
! style="width: 500px;background: #4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''Alterations in the coagulation system'''''}}
|-
|-
|  style="width: 120px;background: #F5F5F5"| Mild: diarrhea as the only symptom
|  style="width: 120px;background: #F5F5F5"| Consumption of [[clotting factors]]
|-
|-
|  style="width: 120px;background: #DCDCDC"| Moderate:  raised white cell count but <15,000 cells/mL and serum creatine <1.5 times baseline
|  style="width: 120px;background: #DCDCDC"| Increased concentrations of [[fibrin]] degradation products
|-
|-
|  style="width: 120px;background: #F5F5F5"| Severe: leucocytosis >15,000 cells/mL OR serum creatinene level >1.5 times baseline or  abdominal tenderness and serum albumin < 3 g/dL
|  style="width: 120px;background: #F5F5F5"| '''[[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]]'''
|-
|  style="width: 120px;background: #DCDCDC"| Severe complicated: hypotension or shock, ileus, megacolon, leucocytosis >20,000 cells/mL OR leucopenia <2,000, lactate >2.2 mmol/L, delirium, fever ≥ 38.5 °C, organ failure
|-
|-
|}
|}


<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>


{| style="font-size: 85%;"
{| style="font-size: 85%;"
! style="width: 80px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|Severity}}
! style="width: 80px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|Organ/Tissue}}
! style="width: 720px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;"| {{fontcolor|#FFF|Criteria}}
! style="width: 720px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;"| {{fontcolor|#FFF|Effect}}
|-
|-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''Mild'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Endothelial cells]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| Diarrhea as the only symptom
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| There is no clear evidence of endovascular damage
|-
|-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''Moderate'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Liver]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| Raised white cell count but <15,000 cells/mL and serum creatine <nowiki><1.5 times baseline</nowiki>
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| Causes hepatocellular [[necrosis]] which could impair the synthesis of [[proteins]] of the [[coagulation system]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''Severe:'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Adrenal cortex]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| Leucocytosis <nowiki>>15,000 cells/mL OR serum creatinene level >1.5</nowiki> times baseline or  abdominal tenderness and serum albumin < 3 g/dL
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| Affects the synthesis of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of [[steroids]], leading to [[hypotension]], and [[fluid]] and [[electrolytes]] disturbances.
|-
|-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''Severe complicated'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Lymphatic system]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| [[Hypotension]] or [[shock]], [[ileus]], [[megacolon]], [[leucocytosis]] >20,000 cells/mL OR [[leucopenia]] <nowiki><2,000, lactate ></nowiki>2.2 mmol/L, [[delirium]], [[fever]] ≥ 38.5 °C, organ failure
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| [[Necrosis of the [[spleen]], [[lymph nodes]] and [[thymus]]; [[Apoptosis]] of [[lymphocytes]] leading to [[lymphopenia]].  
|}
|}


Revision as of 16:06, 20 June 2014

The following table contains the main risk factors for CDI:[1][2][3][2][2]

Alterations in the coagulation system
Consumption of clotting factors
Increased concentrations of fibrin degradation products
Disseminated intravascular coagulation


Organ/Tissue Effect
Endothelial cells There is no clear evidence of endovascular damage
Liver Causes hepatocellular necrosis which could impair the synthesis of proteins of the coagulation system
Adrenal cortex Affects the synthesis of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of steroids, leading to hypotension, and fluid and electrolytes disturbances.
Lymphatic system [[Necrosis of the spleen, lymph nodes and thymus; Apoptosis of lymphocytes leading to lymphopenia.



table

Countries with a reported prevalence <15% of H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin
Diagnostic test North America South America Middle East Far East
ELISA (serology) detects:
  • Viral Antigen
  • IgM and IgG antibody | hol

† There is a reported prevalence of 15% in the Northeast of the US.

  1. ↑ Hensgens MP, Goorhuis A, Dekkers OM, Kuijper EJ (2012). "Time interval of increased risk for Clostridium difficile infection after exposure to antibiotics". J Antimicrob Chemother. 67 (3): 742–8. doi:10.1093/jac/dkr508. PMID 22146873.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Knight, Christopher L.; Surawicz, Christina M. (2013). "Clostridium difficile Infection". Medical Clinics of North America. 97 (4): 523–536. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2013.02.003. ISSN 0025-7125.
  3. ↑ Planche, Tim (2013). "Clostridium difficile". Medicine. 41 (11): 654–657. doi:10.1016/j.mpmed.2013.08.003. ISSN 1357-3039.
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