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Rim Halaby (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{WBRQuestion |QuestionAuthor={{Rim}} |ExamType=USMLE Step 1 |MainCategory=Pathology |SubCategory=Cardiology |MainCategory=Pathology |SubCategory=Cardiology |MainCategory=Path...") |
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{{WBRQuestion | {{WBRQuestion | ||
|QuestionAuthor={{Rim}} | |QuestionAuthor={{Rim}}, {{AJL}} {{Alison}} | ||
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1 | |ExamType=USMLE Step 1 | ||
|MainCategory=Pathology | |MainCategory=Pathology | ||
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|MainCategory=Pathology | |MainCategory=Pathology | ||
|SubCategory=Cardiology | |SubCategory=Cardiology | ||
|Prompt=A 62 year old heavy smoker | |Prompt=A 62-year-old male heavy smoker is brought to the emergency room for severe chest pain and dyspnea at rest, both manifesting 30 minutes prior to presentation. The patient has a history of hyperlipidemia, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus for more than 15 years, and hypertension. Upon appropriate work-up, you diagnose him with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The patient dies despite resuscitation efforts. Which of the following is the most likely cause of death in this patient? | ||
|Explanation=The most common cause of death in patients with [[myocardial infarction]] (MI) is fatal [[ventricular arrhythmias]] | |Explanation=The most common cause of death in patients with [[myocardial infarction]] (MI) is fatal [[ventricular arrhythmias]] prior to presentation. [[Arrhythmia]] is the most frequently occurring acute adverse event in the first 12 hours following MI. | ||
|EducationalObjectives= The most common cause of death in patients with [[myocardial infarction]] (MI) is fatal [[ventricular arrhythmias]] prior to presentation. [[Arrhythmia]] is the most frequently occurring acute adverse event in the first 12 hours following MI. | |||
|References= First Aid 2014 page 290 | |||
|AnswerA=Arrhythmia | |AnswerA=Arrhythmia | ||
|AnswerAExp=Fatal ventricular arrhythmia is the most common cause of death in the first few hours | |AnswerAExp=Fatal [[ventricular arrhythmia]] is the most common cause of death in the first few hours following MI. | ||
|AnswerB=Ventricular rupture | |AnswerB=Ventricular rupture | ||
|AnswerBExp= | |AnswerBExp=A [[ventricular rupture]] is a potentially fatal complication of MI, typically occurring within the subsequent 5-7 days. The severely injured ventricular wall results in a rupture, which occurs during the inflammatory response induced by the infarction process. | ||
|AnswerC=Dressler syndrome | |AnswerC=Dressler syndrome | ||
|AnswerCExp=Dressler syndrome | |AnswerCExp=[[Dressler syndrome]], an autoimmune [[fibrinous pericarditis]], occurs several weeks following MI. | ||
|AnswerD=Cardiac tamponade | |AnswerD=Cardiac tamponade | ||
|AnswerDExp=Cardiac tamponade | |AnswerDExp=[[Cardiac tamponade]] results in an overall cardiovascular collapse due to severe hypotension. [[Cardiac tamponade]] stems from a pericardial effusion, which restricts the normal expansion of the ventricles and leads to the normalization of pressures in all cardiac chambers. [[Cardiac tamponade]] does not typically occur acutely after MI where myocardial rupture eventually leads to fluid accumulation within the pericardium and [[cardiac tamponade]]. | ||
|AnswerE=Endocarditis | |AnswerE=Endocarditis | ||
|AnswerEExp=Endocarditis | |AnswerEExp=[[Endocarditis]], not frequently a complication of MI, may arise in valvulopathies, potentially caused by a past MI. | ||
|RightAnswer=A | |RightAnswer=A | ||
|WBRKeyword=chest | |WBRKeyword=chest pain, ventricular arrhythmia, fibrillation, cardiac arrest, cardiology, cardiovascular system, MI, Myocardial infraction | ||
|Approved= | |Approved=Yes | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 14:12, 24 July 2014
Author | [[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1], Alison Leibowitz [2] (Reviewed by Alison Leibowitz)]] |
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Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
Main Category | MainCategory::Pathology |
Sub Category | SubCategory::Cardiology |
Prompt | [[Prompt::A 62-year-old male heavy smoker is brought to the emergency room for severe chest pain and dyspnea at rest, both manifesting 30 minutes prior to presentation. The patient has a history of hyperlipidemia, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus for more than 15 years, and hypertension. Upon appropriate work-up, you diagnose him with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The patient dies despite resuscitation efforts. Which of the following is the most likely cause of death in this patient?]] |
Answer A | AnswerA::Arrhythmia |
Answer A Explanation | [[AnswerAExp::Fatal ventricular arrhythmia is the most common cause of death in the first few hours following MI.]] |
Answer B | AnswerB::Ventricular rupture |
Answer B Explanation | [[AnswerBExp::A ventricular rupture is a potentially fatal complication of MI, typically occurring within the subsequent 5-7 days. The severely injured ventricular wall results in a rupture, which occurs during the inflammatory response induced by the infarction process.]] |
Answer C | AnswerC::Dressler syndrome |
Answer C Explanation | [[AnswerCExp::Dressler syndrome, an autoimmune fibrinous pericarditis, occurs several weeks following MI.]] |
Answer D | AnswerD::Cardiac tamponade |
Answer D Explanation | [[AnswerDExp::Cardiac tamponade results in an overall cardiovascular collapse due to severe hypotension. Cardiac tamponade stems from a pericardial effusion, which restricts the normal expansion of the ventricles and leads to the normalization of pressures in all cardiac chambers. Cardiac tamponade does not typically occur acutely after MI where myocardial rupture eventually leads to fluid accumulation within the pericardium and cardiac tamponade.]] |
Answer E | AnswerE::Endocarditis |
Answer E Explanation | [[AnswerEExp::Endocarditis, not frequently a complication of MI, may arise in valvulopathies, potentially caused by a past MI.]] |
Right Answer | RightAnswer::A |
Explanation | [[Explanation::The most common cause of death in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) is fatal ventricular arrhythmias prior to presentation. Arrhythmia is the most frequently occurring acute adverse event in the first 12 hours following MI. Educational Objective: The most common cause of death in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) is fatal ventricular arrhythmias prior to presentation. Arrhythmia is the most frequently occurring acute adverse event in the first 12 hours following MI. |
Approved | Approved::Yes |
Keyword | WBRKeyword::chest pain, WBRKeyword::ventricular arrhythmia, WBRKeyword::fibrillation, WBRKeyword::cardiac arrest, WBRKeyword::cardiology, WBRKeyword::cardiovascular system, WBRKeyword::MI, WBRKeyword::Myocardial infraction |
Linked Question | Linked:: |
Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |