Malaria history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==History== | ==History== | ||
Obtaining a detailed history of the [[symptoms]] and travel history of the patient is an important step for the diagnosis of malaria. A travel history to a country where malaria is endemic, when in the presence of flu-like symptoms is an important alert for the diagnosis. | Obtaining a detailed history of the [[symptoms]] and travel history of the patient is an important step for the diagnosis of malaria. A travel history to a country where malaria is endemic, when in the presence of flu-like symptoms is an important alert for the diagnosis.{{{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}}} | ||
After the mosquito bite, the typical incubation period of malaria may range from 8 to 25 days, in a primary attack. This period may be longer, depending on the status of the immune system of the host, the species and strain of the parasite, the dose of sporozoites, as well as the possible presence of prophylactic drugs. However, in the case of latent hypnozoites, relapses may occur within months to years after the mosquito bite. | After the mosquito bite, the typical incubation period of malaria may range from 8 to 25 days, in a primary attack. This period may be longer, depending on the status of the immune system of the host, the species and strain of the parasite, the dose of sporozoites, as well as the possible presence of prophylactic drugs. However, in the case of latent hypnozoites, relapses may occur within months to years after the mosquito bite.{{{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}}} | ||
Commonly, the diagnosis of malaria should be considered in every patient who presents with an onset of fever and other related symptoms, who has traveled to a malaria-endemic region during the previous 3 months. Sometimes a wider timeframe may be considered. | Commonly, the diagnosis of malaria should be considered in every patient who presents with an onset of fever and other related symptoms, who has traveled to a malaria-endemic region during the previous 3 months. Sometimes a wider timeframe may be considered.{{{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}}} | ||
==Common Symptoms== | ==Common Symptoms== | ||
Revision as of 16:10, 24 July 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];
Overview
Malaria parasites are transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. The parasites multiply within red blood cells, causing symptoms that include symptoms of anemia (light headedness, shortness of breath, tachycardia etc.), as well as other general symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, flu-like illness, and in severe cases, coma and death.
History
Obtaining a detailed history of the symptoms and travel history of the patient is an important step for the diagnosis of malaria. A travel history to a country where malaria is endemic, when in the presence of flu-like symptoms is an important alert for the diagnosis.{ last = Mandell }
After the mosquito bite, the typical incubation period of malaria may range from 8 to 25 days, in a primary attack. This period may be longer, depending on the status of the immune system of the host, the species and strain of the parasite, the dose of sporozoites, as well as the possible presence of prophylactic drugs. However, in the case of latent hypnozoites, relapses may occur within months to years after the mosquito bite.{ last = Mandell }
Commonly, the diagnosis of malaria should be considered in every patient who presents with an onset of fever and other related symptoms, who has traveled to a malaria-endemic region during the previous 3 months. Sometimes a wider timeframe may be considered.{ last = Mandell }
Common Symptoms
- Fever
- Chills
- Headache
- Weakness
- Night sweats
- Insomnia
- Joint pain
- Muscle pain
- Abnormal posturing (children)
Less Common Symptoms
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
- Bloody urine
- Convulsions
- Feeling of tingling in the skin