Malaria laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The [[diagnosis]] of [[malaria]] is | The [[diagnosis]] of [[malaria]] is confirmed by the identification of the malaria parasite in the patient's [[blood]] under [[microscopy]]. Laboratory tests may also reveal [[anemia]] with decreased [[hemoglobin]], [[hematocrit]], and [[haptoglobin]] in addition to either a decreased or increased [[leukocyte]] count. Biochemistry may reveal [[hypoglycemia]], elevated [[LDH]], [[acidosis]], and mild [[hyponatremia]] due to [[vomiting]] and [[diarrhea]]. In severe disease, elevated [[creatinine]], [[proteinuria]], and [[hemoglobinuria]] may be present secondary to [[renal failure]].<ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Malaria | url = http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/disease.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> Other malaria-specific tests include: the [[antigen detection test]], [[PCR]], and [[serology]] test for the presence of [[antibodies]] against the [[plasmodium]]. [[Drug resistance]] tests should also be performed to assess the susceptibility of the [[microorganism]] to the [[antimalarial drug]]s. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
Revision as of 22:51, 24 July 2014
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Malaria Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case studies |
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Malaria laboratory findings On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Malaria laboratory findings |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Malaria laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
The diagnosis of malaria is confirmed by the identification of the malaria parasite in the patient's blood under microscopy. Laboratory tests may also reveal anemia with decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and haptoglobin in addition to either a decreased or increased leukocyte count. Biochemistry may reveal hypoglycemia, elevated LDH, acidosis, and mild hyponatremia due to vomiting and diarrhea. In severe disease, elevated creatinine, proteinuria, and hemoglobinuria may be present secondary to renal failure.[1][2] Other malaria-specific tests include: the antigen detection test, PCR, and serology test for the presence of antibodies against the plasmodium. Drug resistance tests should also be performed to assess the susceptibility of the microorganism to the antimalarial drugs.
Laboratory Findings
Whenever possible, the diagnosis of malaria should be confirmed by laboratory tests.
The table below displays the nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with malaria:[1][3]
| Test | Findings |
|---|---|
| Complete Blood Count | Decreased Hemoglobin Decreased Hematocrit Microcytosis Decreased Haptoglobin |
| White blood cell count | Elevated or Decreased Leukocyte Count |
| Biochemistry | Hypoglycemia Elevated Creatinine Elevated LDH Possible Hyponatremia Acidosis: High Lactate; Low Bicarbonate |
| Coagulation | Thrombocytopenia |
| Urinalysis | Proteinuria Hemoglobinuria |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Malaria".
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.