WBR0369: Difference between revisions
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|MainCategory=Biochemistry, Pathology, Pathophysiology | |MainCategory=Biochemistry, Pathology, Pathophysiology | ||
|SubCategory=Neurology | |SubCategory=Neurology | ||
|Prompt=A research lab develops a new knock-in mouse model with a chimeric mouse/human exon containing 140 CAG repeats inserted | |Prompt=A research lab develops a new knock-in mouse model with a chimeric mouse/human exon containing 140 CAG repeats inserted into a gene located on the short arm of chromosome 4. The mice are grown and observed for 18 months. All mice develop increased locomotor activity and abnormal posturing around 1 month of age, followed by hypoactivity at 4 months and gait abnormalities at 1 year. Which of the following neurochemical changes is associated with this syndrome? | ||
Which of the following neurochemical changes is associated with this | |||
|Explanation=This animal model is trying to develop Huntington disease in the monkeys, which is caused by a trinucleotide repeat (CAG), which caused damage to the caudate nucleus. Biochemically; human brains affected with this autosomal dominant disease have decreased GABA and Ach, increased DA. | |Explanation=This animal model is trying to develop Huntington disease in the monkeys, which is caused by a trinucleotide repeat (CAG), which caused damage to the caudate nucleus. Biochemically; human brains affected with this autosomal dominant disease have decreased GABA and Ach, increased DA. | ||
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'''References:''' First Aid 2013 page 461 | '''References:''' First Aid 2013 page 461 | ||
|AnswerA=Decreased | |AnswerA=Decreased norepinephrine, Decreased serotonin, Decreased dopamine | ||
|AnswerAExp= | |AnswerAExp=These are the neurotransmitter changes associated in [[depression]] | ||
|AnswerB=Increased | |AnswerB=Increased norepinephrine, Increased serotonin, Increased dopamine | ||
|AnswerBExp= | |AnswerBExp=This is seen in [[schizophrenia]] | ||
|AnswerC=Decreased | |AnswerC=Increased acetylcholine, Increased serotonin, Decreased dopamine | ||
|AnswerCExp= | |AnswerCExp=These changes are seen in [[parkinson’s]] disease | ||
|AnswerD=Decreased GABA | |AnswerD=Decreased GABA, Decreased acetylcholine, Increased dopamine | ||
|AnswerDExp= | |AnswerDExp=These changes are associated with Huntington disease. | ||
|AnswerE=Increased | |AnswerE=Increased norepinephrine, Decreased GABA, Decreased serotonin | ||
|AnswerEExp= | |AnswerEExp=These neurotransmitter changes are seen in [[anxiety]] | ||
|RightAnswer=D | |RightAnswer=D | ||
|Approved=No | |Approved=No | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 23:59, 2 August 2014
| Author | [[PageAuthor::Gonzalo A. Romero, M.D. [1]]] |
|---|---|
| Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
| Main Category | MainCategory::Biochemistry, MainCategory::Pathology, MainCategory::Pathophysiology |
| Sub Category | SubCategory::Neurology |
| Prompt | [[Prompt::A research lab develops a new knock-in mouse model with a chimeric mouse/human exon containing 140 CAG repeats inserted into a gene located on the short arm of chromosome 4. The mice are grown and observed for 18 months. All mice develop increased locomotor activity and abnormal posturing around 1 month of age, followed by hypoactivity at 4 months and gait abnormalities at 1 year. Which of the following neurochemical changes is associated with this syndrome?]] |
| Answer A | AnswerA::Decreased norepinephrine, Decreased serotonin, Decreased dopamine |
| Answer A Explanation | [[AnswerAExp::These are the neurotransmitter changes associated in depression]] |
| Answer B | AnswerB::Increased norepinephrine, Increased serotonin, Increased dopamine |
| Answer B Explanation | [[AnswerBExp::This is seen in schizophrenia]] |
| Answer C | AnswerC::Increased acetylcholine, Increased serotonin, Decreased dopamine |
| Answer C Explanation | [[AnswerCExp::These changes are seen in parkinson’s disease]] |
| Answer D | AnswerD::Decreased GABA, Decreased acetylcholine, Increased dopamine |
| Answer D Explanation | AnswerDExp::These changes are associated with Huntington disease. |
| Answer E | AnswerE::Increased norepinephrine, Decreased GABA, Decreased serotonin |
| Answer E Explanation | [[AnswerEExp::These neurotransmitter changes are seen in anxiety]] |
| Right Answer | RightAnswer::D |
| Explanation | [[Explanation::This animal model is trying to develop Huntington disease in the monkeys, which is caused by a trinucleotide repeat (CAG), which caused damage to the caudate nucleus. Biochemically; human brains affected with this autosomal dominant disease have decreased GABA and Ach, increased DA.
References: First Aid 2013 page 461 |
| Approved | Approved::No |
| Keyword | |
| Linked Question | Linked:: |
| Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |