Hepatitis D screening: Difference between revisions
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==Screening== | ==Screening== | ||
All patients with current or previous IV drug use history should be evaluated for hepatitis B. However, screening is not recommended in asymptomatic HBsAg positive patients. | All patients with current or previous [[IV drug use]] history should be evaluated for [[hepatitis B]]. However, [[screening]] is not recommended in [[asymptomatic]] [[HBsAg]] positive patients. Preventive measures and screening may be applied in: | ||
*HBsAg positive patients, who have acute or chronic hepatitis D. The follow-up procedures should be equal, regardless of co-infection status with hepatitis D | *[[HBsAg]] positive patients, who have acute or chronic hepatitis D. The follow-up procedures should be equal, regardless of co-infection status with hepatitis D | ||
*Patients who have acute hepatitis B, are not HBsAg positive | *Patients who: have acute hepatitis B, are not [[HBsAg]] positive and who are [[IgM]] anti-HBc positive may be tested for [[HDV]]. | ||
*Patients with positive HBsAg and/or HDV antibody should be alerted not to share items such as razors, eating or drinking utensils. | *Patients with positive [[HBsAg]] and/or HDV antibody should be alerted not to share items such as razors, eating or drinking utensils. | ||
*Patients without immunity to the virus should be vaccinated | *Patients without [[immunity]] to the virus should be vaccinated | ||
The general population, without risk for [[HBV]] and /or [[HDV]], does not need [[screening]]. | The general population, without risk for [[HBV]] and /or [[HDV]], does not need [[screening]]. | ||
Revision as of 03:24, 6 August 2014
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Hepatitis D |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Hepatitis D screening On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatitis D screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Screening
All patients with current or previous IV drug use history should be evaluated for hepatitis B. However, screening is not recommended in asymptomatic HBsAg positive patients. Preventive measures and screening may be applied in:
- HBsAg positive patients, who have acute or chronic hepatitis D. The follow-up procedures should be equal, regardless of co-infection status with hepatitis D
- Patients who: have acute hepatitis B, are not HBsAg positive and who are IgM anti-HBc positive may be tested for HDV.
- Patients with positive HBsAg and/or HDV antibody should be alerted not to share items such as razors, eating or drinking utensils.
- Patients without immunity to the virus should be vaccinated
The general population, without risk for HBV and /or HDV, does not need screening.
Recommendations for Persons Who Should Be Tested for HBV Infection: AASLD Practice Guidelines 2009
The following groups should be tested for HBV infection:[1]
- Persons born in high or intermediate endemic areas
- United States– born persons not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in regions with high HBV endemicity]
- Persons with chronically elevated aminotransferases
- Persons needing immunosuppressive therapy
- Men who have sex with men
- Persons with multiple sexual partners or history of sexually transmitted disease
- Inmates of correctional facilities
- Persons who have ever used injecting drugs, dialysis patients, HIV or HCV infected individuals, pregnant women, and family members, household members, and sexual contacts of HBV infected persons.
- Testing for HBsAg and anti-HBs should be performed, and seronegative persons should be vaccinated. (Grade I Recommendation)}}
Recommendations for HCC Screening: AASLD Practice Guidelines 2009
The following groups should be screened with US examination every 6-12 months: (Grade II-2)[1]
- HBV carriers at high risk for HCC such as Asian men over 40 years and Asian women over 50 years of age
- Persons with cirrhosis
- Persons with a family history of HCC
- Africans over 20 years of age
- Any carrier over 40 years with persistent or intermittent ALT elevation and/or high HBV DNA level >2,000 IU/mL
For HBV carriers at high risk for HCC who are living in areas where US is not readily available, periodic screening with AFP should be considered. (Grade II-2)}}
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lok AS, McMahon BJ (2004). "[AASLD Practice Guidelines. Chronic hepatitis B: update of therapeutic guidelines]" (PDF). Romanian Journal of Gastroenterology. 13 (2): 150–4. PMID 15229781. Retrieved 2012-02-10. Unknown parameter
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