Sandbox Ochuko: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
==Stroke in Alphabetical Order==
*[[Adenosine deaminase deficiency]]
*[[Air embolism]]
*[[Ales dysfibrinogenemia]]
*[[amphetamine|Amphetamine abuse]]
*[[Amyloid angiopathy]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Aneurysm ]]
*[[Angioma hereditary neurocutaneous]]
*[[Antiphospholipid syndrome]]
*[[Antithrombin III deficiency]]
*[[Arteriosclerosis obliterans]]
*[[Arteritis]]
*[[Atheroma]]
*[[Atherosclerosis]]
*[[Atrial fibrillation]]
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
*[[Atrial septal aneurysm]]
*[[Atrial septal defect]]
*[[Autonomic dysreflexia]]
*[[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]]
*[[Bacterial endocarditis ]]
*[[Behcet's disease]]
*[[Bing-Neel syndrome]]
*[[Binswanger's disease]]
*[[Bioprosthetic valves]]
*[[Bleeding disorders]]
*[[CADASIL]]
*[[CARASIL]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Carotid artery dissection]]
*[[Carotid artery stenosis]]
*[[Carotid artery stenosis]] 
*[[Cerebral hemorrhage]]
*[[Cerebral ventricle neoplasm]]
*[[Cocaine overdose]]
*[[Congenital heart disease]]
*[[Congestive heart failure]]
*[[Conn's adenoma]]
*[[Conn's syndrome ]]
*[[Conn-Louis carcinoma ]]
*[[Conversion disorder]]
*[[Coronary angiography]]
*[[Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery]]
*[[Crack addiction ]]
*[[Crystal meth addiction]]
*[[Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus type I]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus type II]]
*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Dissecting aortic aneurysm]]
*[[Dissection]]
*[[Dysbarism]]
*[[Eclampsia]]
*[[Ecstasy overdose]]
*[[Embolism]]
*[[Endocarditis]]
*[[Endomyocardial fibrosis]]
*[[Essential thrombocytosis]]
*[[Fabry's disease]]
*[[Factor V leiden mutation]]
*[[Familial hemiplegic migraine]]
*[[Familial hypercholesterolemia]]
*[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]
*[[Giant cell arteritis]]
*[[Hemophilia type A]]
*[[Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia]]
*[[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia]]
*[[HERNS syndrome]]
*[[HIV]]
*[[Homocystinuria]]
*[[Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome]]
*[[Hyperhomocysteinemia]]
*[[Hyperlipoproteinemia ]]
*[[Hypertension ]]
*[[Hypoxemia]]
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]
*[[Illicit drug use]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Internal carotid agenesis]]
*[[Internal carotid artery aneurysm]]
*[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]]
*[[Intracranial arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Intracranial berry aneurysm]]
*[[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
*[[Ischemia]]
*[[Lacunar infarcts]]
*[[Lacunar stroke]]
*[[Left atrial myxoma]]
*[[Left atrial thrombus]]
*[[Left ventricular aneurysm]]
*[[Left ventricular thrombus]]
*[[Libman-Sacks endocarditis]]
*[[Lipohyalinosis]]
*[[Lipoproteinemia]]
*[[Lupus]]
*[[Malignant  hypertension ]]
*[[Marantic endocarditis ]]
*[[Mechanical heart valves]]
*[[MELAS]]
*[[Menkes disease]]
*[[Methamphetamine overdose]]
*[[Methylmalonic acidemia]]
*[[Methylmalonic aciduria ]]
*[[Migraine ]]
*[[Mitochondrial diseases ]]
*[[Mitral annular calcification]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse ]]
*[[Moyamoya disease ]]
*[[Multi-infarct dementia]]
*[[Myocardial infarction ]]
*[[Narcotic addiction]]
*[[Neurosyphilis]]
*[[Osteopetrosis ]]
*[[Papillary fibroelastoma]]
*[[Patent foramen ovale]]
*[[Pericardial effusion]]
*[[Polycythemia vera ]]
*[[Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome]]
*[[Pre-eclampsia ]]
*[[Premature aging ]]
*[[Primary angiitis]]
*[[Progeria ]]
*[[Protein C deficiency]]
*[[Protein S deficiency]]
*[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
*[[Rheumatoid vasculitis ]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
*[[Sickle cell anemia  ]]
*[[Sickle cell disease]]
*[[Sleep apnea ]]
*[[Sneddon-Champion syndrome ]]
*[[Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia]]
*[[Sturge-Weber syndrome]]
*[[Subarachnoid haemorrhage]]
*[[Substance abuse]]
*[[Sustained atrial flutter]]
*[[Syphilis ]]
*[[Systemic hypertension]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Takayasu arteritis]]
*[[essential thrombocytosis|Thrombocythemia ]]
*[[Thromboembolism]]
*[[Thrombosis]]
*[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]]
*[[Transient ischemic attack]]
*[[Trauma]]
*[[Vascular dementia]]
*[[cerebral arteriovenous malformation|Vascular malformations]]
*[[Vasculitis]]
*[[Vasoconstriction]]
*[[Velocardiofacial syndrome]]
*[[Ventricular aneurysm]]
*[[Vertebral artery dissection]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*[[Werner syndrome]]
*[[Wolfram syndrome]]


==Causes of Stroke==
==Causes of Stroke==

Revision as of 22:53, 24 August 2014


Stroke in Alphabetical Order


Causes of Stroke

Ischemic Stroke

Thrombotic Stroke

Thrombotic stroke can be divided into two types depending on the type of vessel the thrombus is formed on:

  • Small vessel disease involves the intracerebral arteries, branches of the Circle of Willis, middle cerebral artery, stem, and arteries arising from the distal vertebral and basilar artery. Diseases that may form thrombi in the small vessels include (in descending incidence):
    • Lipohyalinosis (lipid hyaline build-up secondary to hypertension and aging) and fibrinoid degeneration (stroke involving these vessels are known as lacunar infarcts)
    • Microatheromas from larger arteries that extend into the smaller arteries (atheromatous branch disease)

Embolic Stroke

High Risk Cardiac Causes[1]
Potential Cardiac Causes
  • Atrial septal aneurysm
  • Atrial septal aneurysm with patent foramen ovale
  • Complex atheroma in the ascending aorta or proximal arch
  • Isolated left atrial smoke on echocardiography (no mitral stenosis or atrial fibrillation)
  • Left ventricular aneurysm without thrombus
  • Mitral annular calcification
  • Patent foramen ovale

Systemic Hypoperfusion (Watershed stroke)

Hypoxemia (low blood oxygen content) may precipitate the hypo-perfusion.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

References

  1. ↑ Ay H; Furie KL; Singhal A; Smith WS; Sorensen AG; Koroshetz WJ (2005). "An evidence-based causative classification system for acute ischemic stroke". Ann Neurol. 58 (5): 688–97. PMID 16240340.

Template:WH Template:WS


The upper part of the GI tract will usually cause black stools due to:


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 









Primary treatment option
Atropine
❑ Administer a first dose 0.5 mg IV bolus
❑ Repeat every 3-5 minutes
❑ Administer a maximum dose of 3 mg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Secondary treatment options
If atropine ineffective:
❑ Administer dopamine infusion (2-10 mcg/kg/min)
OR
❑ Administer epinephrine infusion (2-10 mcg/min)
OR
❑ Proceed with transcutaneous pacing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
❑ Consult a cardiologist
❑ Consider transvenous pacing
 
 
 
 
 
 






References

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation

Complete Evaluation

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
D01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
D02
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E02
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Treatment

Do's

Don'ts

References

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_Ochuko&oldid=1012264"