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====Neurological Symptoms====
====Neurological Symptoms====
Shown below is a table of the most common neurological symptoms with their corresponding frequencies.
Shown below is a table of the most common neurological symptoms with their corresponding frequencies.<ref name="Neurologic Complications of West Nile Virus">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Neurologic Complications of West Nile Virus |  url = http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/neurology/neurologic-complications-west-nile-virus/ }}</ref>
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! style="padding: 0 5px; width: 150px; background: #4479BA; font-weight: bold;"| {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Symptom}}
! style="padding: 0 5px; width: 150px; background: #4479BA; font-weight: bold;"| {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Symptom}}

Revision as of 13:33, 11 September 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

West Nile fever infection can present with a variety of manifestations depending to the severity of the diseases. West Nile fever infection has three different clinical presentations in humans: asymptomatic (~70-80%), mild febrile syndrome termed West Nile fever (~20%), and neuroinvasive disease termed West Nile meningitis or encephalitis (<1%). Patients who are suspected to have West Nile virus infection should be inquired about any recent mosquito bites.

History

Patients who are suspected to have West Nile virus infection should be inquired about any recent mosquito bites. In addition, important clues in the history include the time of the year, geographical location, recent travel, and outdoor activities. The patient should be asked about the presence of symptoms and their progression.

Symptoms

Asymptomatic

Absence of symptoms is present in approximately 80% of subjects infected with the West Nile virus.

West Nile Fever

Constitutional Symptoms

Skin Symptoms

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Neurovascular Disease

Neurovascular involvement is the most severe form of West Nile virus infection. Patients can present with a variety of manifestation in conjunction with fever such as meningitis, flaccid paralysis, encephalitis or a combination of these conditions.

Constitutional Symptoms

Neurological Symptoms

Shown below is a table of the most common neurological symptoms with their corresponding frequencies.[1]

Symptom Percentage
Facial palsy 13%
Dysphagia 33%
Dysarthria 33%
Diplopia 33%
Tremor 22%
Parkinsonism 16%
Ataxia 31%
Motor seizures 5%
Myoclonus 31%
West Nile Meningitis
West Nile Meningoencephalitis
Acute Flaccid Paralysis
  • Lower limb weakness

Multiorgan Involvement

References

  1. ↑ "Neurologic Complications of West Nile Virus".
  2. ↑ Abroug F, Ouanes-Besbes L, Letaief M, Ben Romdhane F, Khairallah M, Triki H, Bouzouiaia N. "A cluster study of predictors of severe West Nile virus infection." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2006; 81: 12-16.
  3. ↑ Perelman A, Stern J. "Acute pancreatitis in West Nile Fever." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1974; 23: 1150-1152.
  4. ↑ Omalu B I, Shakir A A, Wang G, Lipkin W I, Wiley C A. "Fatal fulminant pan-meningo-polioencephalitis due to West Nile virus." Brain Pathology 2003; 13: 465-472
  5. ↑ Mathiot C C, Georges A J, Deubel V. "Comparative analysis of West Nile virus strains isolated from human and animal hosts using monoclonal antibodies and cDNA restriction digest profiles." Res Virol 1990; 141: 533-543.


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