West nile virus causes: Difference between revisions
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==Biology== | ==Biology== | ||
West Nile virus has an icosahedral symmetry, with a smooth surface.<ref name="Mukhopadhyay2003">{{cite journal|last1=Mukhopadhyay|first1=S.|title=Structure of West Nile Virus|journal=Science|volume=302|issue=5643|year=2003|pages=248–248|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.1089316}}</ref> | West Nile virus has an icosahedral symmetry, with a smooth surface.<ref name="Mukhopadhyay2003">{{cite journal|last1=Mukhopadhyay|first1=S.|title=Structure of West Nile Virus|journal=Science|volume=302|issue=5643|year=2003|pages=248–248|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.1089316}}</ref> Its genome is contained in a single stranded mRNA virus of about 11000 bp. | ||
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Inside the envelope is the nucleocapsid core, which consists of multiple copies of the capsid protein and genomic RNA. | |||
Theviral genome is about 11 000 bp in length, consisting of a 5 ́untranslatedregion(UTR),asinglelongopenreading frame, and a 3 ́untranslated region. The open reading frame encodes a polyprotein that is processed by viral and cellular proteases during and after translation into three structural proteins (C, premembrane or membrane, and envelope) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5). Structural proteins are mainly involved in viral particle formation, whereas non-structural proteins function in viral replication, virion assembly, and evasion of host innate immune response. | |||
West Nile virus is 1 of more than 70 viruses of the family Flaviviridae of the genus Flavivirus. Serologically, West Nile virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex, which includes Japanese en- cephalitis virus and an endemic North American flavivirus, St Louis encephalitis virus. West Nile viruses can be designated into at least 5 phylogenetic lineages.15 Only lineage 1 and 2 West Nile viruses have been associated with significant outbreaks in humans. | West Nile virus is 1 of more than 70 viruses of the family Flaviviridae of the genus Flavivirus. Serologically, West Nile virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex, which includes Japanese en- cephalitis virus and an endemic North American flavivirus, St Louis encephalitis virus. West Nile viruses can be designated into at least 5 phylogenetic lineages.15 Only lineage 1 and 2 West Nile viruses have been associated with significant outbreaks in humans. | ||
Revision as of 14:07, 11 September 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Taxonomy
Viruses; ssRNA viruses; ssRNA positive-strand viruses, no DNA stage; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus; Japanese encephalitis virus group[1]
Biology
West Nile virus has an icosahedral symmetry, with a smooth surface.[2] Its genome is contained in a single stranded mRNA virus of about 11000 bp.
Structure
Tropism
Natural Reservoir
Natural reservoirs of the West Nile virus include:[3]
- Humans
- 65 different species of mosquitos
- 326 species of birds
References
- ↑ "West Nile Virus".
- ↑ Mukhopadhyay, S. (2003). "Structure of West Nile Virus". Science. 302 (5643): 248–248. doi:10.1126/science.1089316. ISSN 0036-8075.
- ↑ Petersen LR, Brault AC, Nasci RS (2013). "West Nile virus: review of the literature". JAMA. 310 (3): 308–15. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.8042. PMID 23860989.