West nile virus screening: Difference between revisions

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===Screening of blood products===
===Screening of blood products===
Following the discovery of WNV transmission by blood transfusions, WNV blood donor screening is currently performed using nucleic acid testing (NAT). Other screening methods for blood products are not recommended because WNV may only infect recipients if donors are acutely infected. A minipool nucleic acid testing program (MP NAT) is currently implemented to detect WNV viremia among donors. Patients with positive results may not donate blood for at least 120 days.<ref name="pmid16079368">{{cite journal| author=Stramer SL, Fang CT, Foster GA, Wagner AG, Brodsky JP, Dodd RY| title=West Nile virus among blood donors in the United States, 2003 and 2004. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 5 | pages= 451-9 | pmid=16079368 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa044333 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16079368  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16079369">{{cite journal| author=Busch MP, Caglioti S, Robertson EF, McAuley JD, Tobler LH, Kamel H et al.| title=Screening the blood supply for West Nile virus RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 5 | pages= 460-7 | pmid=16079369 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa044029 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16079369  }} </ref><ref name="pmid15819665">{{cite journal| author=Kleinman S, Glynn SA, Busch M, Todd D, Powell L, Pietrelli L et al.| title=The 2003 West Nile virus United States epidemic: the America's Blood Centers experience. | journal=Transfusion | year= 2005 | volume= 45 | issue= 4 | pages= 469-79 | pmid=15819665 | doi=10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04315.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15819665  }} </ref>
Following the discovery of WNV transmission by blood products, blood donor screening for WNV has become more common. Blood is currently screened by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the viral RNA. Other screening methods for blood products are not recommended because WNV may only infect recipients if donors are acutely infected. A minipool nucleic acid testing program (MP-NAT) is currently implemented to detect WNV viremia among donors. Patients with positive results may not donate blood for at least 120 days.<ref name="pmid16079368">{{cite journal| author=Stramer SL, Fang CT, Foster GA, Wagner AG, Brodsky JP, Dodd RY| title=West Nile virus among blood donors in the United States, 2003 and 2004. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 5 | pages= 451-9 | pmid=16079368 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa044333 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16079368  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16079369">{{cite journal| author=Busch MP, Caglioti S, Robertson EF, McAuley JD, Tobler LH, Kamel H et al.| title=Screening the blood supply for West Nile virus RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 5 | pages= 460-7 | pmid=16079369 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa044029 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16079369  }} </ref><ref name="pmid15819665">{{cite journal| author=Kleinman S, Glynn SA, Busch M, Todd D, Powell L, Pietrelli L et al.| title=The 2003 West Nile virus United States epidemic: the America's Blood Centers experience. | journal=Transfusion | year= 2005 | volume= 45 | issue= 4 | pages= 469-79 | pmid=15819665 | doi=10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04315.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15819665  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 00:40, 12 September 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Screening

Commercial kits for human serologic diagnosis of WNV infection are currently in development. Until these kits are available, the CDC-defined IgM and IgG ELISA as the first-line tests for serum and CSF detection of WNV. These ELISA tests are the most sensitive screening assays available. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test may also be used to screen samples for flavivirus antibodies. [2]

Screening of blood products

Following the discovery of WNV transmission by blood products, blood donor screening for WNV has become more common. Blood is currently screened by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the viral RNA. Other screening methods for blood products are not recommended because WNV may only infect recipients if donors are acutely infected. A minipool nucleic acid testing program (MP-NAT) is currently implemented to detect WNV viremia among donors. Patients with positive results may not donate blood for at least 120 days.[1][2][3]

References

  1. ↑ Stramer SL, Fang CT, Foster GA, Wagner AG, Brodsky JP, Dodd RY (2005). "West Nile virus among blood donors in the United States, 2003 and 2004". N Engl J Med. 353 (5): 451–9. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa044333. PMID 16079368.
  2. ↑ Busch MP, Caglioti S, Robertson EF, McAuley JD, Tobler LH, Kamel H; et al. (2005). "Screening the blood supply for West Nile virus RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing". N Engl J Med. 353 (5): 460–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa044029. PMID 16079369.
  3. ↑ Kleinman S, Glynn SA, Busch M, Todd D, Powell L, Pietrelli L; et al. (2005). "The 2003 West Nile virus United States epidemic: the America's Blood Centers experience". Transfusion. 45 (4): 469–79. doi:10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04315.x. PMID 15819665.


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