West nile virus physical examination: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
On physical examination, patients with WNV infection may have no specific signs. Physical examination findings may range from isolated fever and tachycardia to sensory and motor neurological impairment, signs of meningeal irritation, stupor, and coma.  
On physical examination, patients with WNV infection may have no specific signs. Physical examination findings may range from an isolated fever to signs of severe neurological impairment, meningeal irritation, stupor, and coma.  


==Physical exam==
==Physical exam==
Most patients with WNV are asymptomatic or experience a mild disease that may often have no signs on physical examination.  
Most patients with WNV are asymptomatic or experience a mild disease that may often have no signs on physical examination.  


It is possible for a patient with West nile virus to present with signs of [[encephalitis]] and [[meningoencephalitis]]. These signs include:
===Vital signs===
* [[Fever]]
* [[Tachycardia]]
* [[Tachypnea]]


*[[Stupor]]
===Skin===
*[[Coma]]
* [[Macular]] or [[Papular]] truncal rash
*[[Confusion]]


Other clinical findings can include things such as:
===HEENT===
* [[Papilledema]]
* [[Nystagmus]]
* [[Lymphadenopathy]]
* Non exudative [[pharyngeal erythema]]


*[[Papilledema]]
===Chest===
*[[Cranial nerve]] involvement
*Ataxic or apneustic breathing
*Decreased [[sensation]]
 
*[[hyperreflexia]]
===Abdomen===
*Positive [[Brudzinki signs]] and [[Kernig signs]]
* [[Abdominal tenderness]]
*Motor strength weakness
* [[Splenomegaly]]
* [[Vesical fullness]]
 
===Neurologic===
* [[Altered mental status]]
* [[Tremor]]
* [[Myoclonus]]
* [[Bradykinesia]]
* [[Rigidity]]
* [[Absent corneal reflex]]
* [[Absent gag reflex]]
* [[Memory loss]]
* [[Sensory loss]]
* [[Motor weakness]]
* [[Neck stiffness]]
* Positive Kernig and Brudzinski tests
* [[Hyperreflexia]]
* Positive Babinski reflex


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 02:07, 12 September 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Michael Maddaleni, B.S.

Overview

On physical examination, patients with WNV infection may have no specific signs. Physical examination findings may range from an isolated fever to signs of severe neurological impairment, meningeal irritation, stupor, and coma.

Physical exam

Most patients with WNV are asymptomatic or experience a mild disease that may often have no signs on physical examination.

Vital signs

Skin

HEENT

Chest

  • Ataxic or apneustic breathing

Abdomen

Neurologic

References

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