Tuberculosis secondary prevention

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Secondary prevention for tuberculosis includes methods to achieve an early diagnosis, such as tuberculin skin test (TST) and IFGA; and to guarantee the correct treatment regimen at the right time to prevent disease progression.

Secondary Prevention

Screening

Further information: [[:Tuberculosis screening]]

Tuberculin Skin Test

• Children with close contact with a TB confirmed case should be evaluated for tuberculosis infection.
• TST is the test of choice for screening for tuberculosis infection.

Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs)

• IGRAs can be used in place of (but not in addition to) TST in screening for M. tuberculosis infection.
• IGRAs are used in screening patients with the following conditions:

• Have received BCG vaccination
• Groups that historically have poor rates of return for TST reading.

Early Diagnosis

• Early detection of tuberculosis disease is important to give treatment at the appropriate time and prevent complications.
• Patients with the following characteristics should be tested for tuberculosis:

Prompt Treatment

• Empiric therapy should be started as soon as a patient has tuberculosis disease confirmed.
• Sputum specimens should be sent for culture and DST before starting treatment.