Tuberous sclerosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:03, 1 October 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Physical Examination

Skin

Images of the nail shown below are courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Adenoma sebaceum.
Tuberous sclerosis; Subungual fibroma; Beneath the Left Index Nail
Tuberous sclerosis, Periungual Fibroma; Lateral Side of Left Great Toe Nail

Face

Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]
Tuberous sclerosis. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[1]

Extremities

The skin is examined under a Wood's lamp. The most common skin abnormalities include:

Facial angiofibromas
Ungual or subungual fibromas
Hypomelanic macules ("ash leaf spots")
Forehead plaques
Shagreen patches
Molluscum fibrosum or skin tags
Cafe-au-lait spots or flat brown marks
Poliosis

Head

Pitted tooth enamel
Rubbery growths on the tongue or gums

Eyes

Retinal lesions - astrocytic hamartomas
Non-retinal lesions associated with TSC include
- Coloboma
- Angiofibromas of the eyelids
- Papilledema (related to hydrocephalus)

Heart

A heart murmur can be heard due to the obstruction of blood flow by rhabdomyomas.

Lungs

Coarse rales are heard when lung parenchyma is involved.
Bronchial breathing and bronchophony are heard on auscultation when multiple cysts occur in the lungs.

Extremities

Rough growths under or around the fingernails and toenails

Neurologic

Abnormal size of head in children - due to hydrocephalus
Low IQ
Learning difficulties
Intellectual disability
Troubled communication and social interaction

References

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 ^1.41 "Dermatology Atlas".

[Dermatology_Atlas-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 ^1.41 "Dermatology Atlas".

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Tuberous sclerosis}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}}
 ==Physical Examination ==
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 </div>
+====Face====
 <gallery>
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis01.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
@@ Line 91: / Line 92: @@
 </gallery>
+====Extremities====
+<gallery>
+</gallery>
 The skin is examined under a [[Wood's lamp]].  The most common skin abnormalities include:
 * Facial angiofibromas

Tuberous sclerosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:03, 1 October 2014

Physical Examination

Skin

Face

Extremities

Head

Eyes

Heart

Lungs

Extremities

Neurologic

References

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