ST elevation myocardial infarction causes: Difference between revisions
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Ochuko Ajari (talk | contribs) |
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*[[Dissecting aortic aneurysm]] | *[[Dissecting aortic aneurysm]] | ||
*[[Dyslipidemia]] | *[[Dyslipidemia]] | ||
*Earthquakes <ref name="pmid8651102">{{cite journal |author=Leor J, Kloner RA |title=The Northridge earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction |journal=Am. J. Cardiol. |volume=77 |issue=14 |pages=1230–2 |year=1996 |month=June |pmid=8651102 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002914996001695}}</ref> | *Earthquakes <ref name="pmid8651102">{{cite journal |author=Leor J, Kloner RA |title=The Northridge earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction |journal=Am. J. Cardiol. |volume=77 |issue=14 |pages=1230–2 |year=1996 |month=June |pmid=8651102 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002914996001695}}</ref><ref name="pmid8552142">{{cite journal |author=Leor J, Poole WK, Kloner RA |title=Sudden cardiac death triggered by an earthquake |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=334 |issue=7 |pages=413–9 |year=1996 |month=February |pmid=8552142 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8552142&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid10220631">{{cite journal |author=Brown DL |title=Disparate effects of the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction: importance of superimposition of triggers |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=137 |issue=5 |pages=830–6 |year=1999 |month=May |pmid=10220631 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="pmid8552142">{{cite journal |author=Leor J, Poole WK, Kloner RA |title=Sudden cardiac death triggered by an earthquake |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=334 |issue=7 |pages=413–9 |year=1996 |month=February |pmid=8552142 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8552142&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid10220631">{{cite journal |author=Brown DL |title=Disparate effects of the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction: importance of superimposition of triggers |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=137 |issue=5 |pages=830–6 |year=1999 |month=May |pmid=10220631 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Electrocution]] | *[[Electrocution]] | ||
*[[Electrolyte imbalance]] | *[[Electrolyte imbalance]] | ||
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*[[Nuvaring]] | *[[Nuvaring]] | ||
*[[Pheochromocytoma]] <ref name="pmid22441003">{{cite journal| author=Subramanyam S, Kreisberg RA| title=Pheochromocytoma: a cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, transient left ventricular dysfunction, and takotsubo cardiomyopathy. | journal=Endocr Pract | year= 2012 | volume= 18 | issue= 4 | pages= e77-80 | pmid=22441003 | doi=10.4158/EP11346.CR | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22441003 }} </ref> | *[[Pheochromocytoma]] <ref name="pmid22441003">{{cite journal| author=Subramanyam S, Kreisberg RA| title=Pheochromocytoma: a cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, transient left ventricular dysfunction, and takotsubo cardiomyopathy. | journal=Endocr Pract | year= 2012 | volume= 18 | issue= 4 | pages= e77-80 | pmid=22441003 | doi=10.4158/EP11346.CR | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22441003 }} </ref> | ||
*[[exertion|Physical exertion]]<ref name="pmid8232457">{{cite journal |author=Willich SN, Lewis M, Löwel H, Arntz HR, Schubert F, Schröder R |title=Physical exertion as a trigger of acute myocardial infarction. Triggers and Mechanisms of Myocardial Infarction Study Group |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1684–90 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232457 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232457&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid9603539">{{cite journal |author=Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB |title=Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories |journal=Circulation |volume=97 |issue=18 |pages=1837–47 |year=1998 |month=May |pmid=9603539 |doi= |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9603539}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref> | *[[exertion|Physical exertion]]<ref name="pmid8232457">{{cite journal |author=Willich SN, Lewis M, Löwel H, Arntz HR, Schubert F, Schröder R |title=Physical exertion as a trigger of acute myocardial infarction. Triggers and Mechanisms of Myocardial Infarction Study Group |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1684–90 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232457 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232457&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid9603539">{{cite journal |author=Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB |title=Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories |journal=Circulation |volume=97 |issue=18 |pages=1837–47 |year=1998 |month=May |pmid=9603539 |doi= |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9603539}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid10707914">{{cite journal |author=Hallqvist J, Möller J, Ahlbom A, Diderichsen F, Reuterwall C, de Faire U |title=Does heavy physical exertion trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis nested in a population-based case-referent study |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=151 |issue=5 |pages=459–67 |year=2000 |month=March |pmid=10707914 |doi= |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10707914}}</ref><ref name="pmid10568645">{{cite journal |author=Giri S, Thompson PD, Kiernan FJ, ''et al'' |title=Clinical and angiographic characteristics of exertion-related acute myocardial infarction |journal=JAMA |volume=282 |issue=18 |pages=1731–6 |year=1999 |month=November |pmid=10568645 |doi= |url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10568645}}</ref><ref name="pmid11070099">{{cite journal |author=Albert CM, Mittleman MA, Chae CU, Lee IM, Hennekens CH, Manson JE |title=Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=343 |issue=19 |pages=1355–61 |year=2000 |month=November |pmid=11070099 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=11070099&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid16551711">{{cite journal |author=Whang W, Manson JE, Hu FB, ''et al'' |title=Physical exertion, exercise, and sudden cardiac death in women |journal=JAMA |volume=295 |issue=12 |pages=1399–403 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16551711 |doi=10.1001/jama.295.12.1399 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6472399">{{cite journal |author=Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH, Lasky T |title=The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=311 |issue=14 |pages=874–7 |year=1984 |month=October |pmid=6472399 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid10707914">{{cite journal |author=Hallqvist J, Möller J, Ahlbom A, Diderichsen F, Reuterwall C, de Faire U |title=Does heavy physical exertion trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis nested in a population-based case-referent study |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=151 |issue=5 |pages=459–67 |year=2000 |month=March |pmid=10707914 |doi= |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10707914}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="pmid10707914">{{cite journal |author=Hallqvist J, Möller J, Ahlbom A, Diderichsen F, Reuterwall C, de Faire U |title=Does heavy physical exertion trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis nested in a population-based case-referent study |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=151 |issue=5 |pages=459–67 |year=2000 |month=March |pmid=10707914 |doi= |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10707914}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="pmid10568645">{{cite journal |author=Giri S, Thompson PD, Kiernan FJ, ''et al'' |title=Clinical and angiographic characteristics of exertion-related acute myocardial infarction |journal=JAMA |volume=282 |issue=18 |pages=1731–6 |year=1999 |month=November |pmid=10568645 |doi= |url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10568645}}</ref><ref name="pmid11070099">{{cite journal |author=Albert CM, Mittleman MA, Chae CU, Lee IM, Hennekens CH, Manson JE |title=Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=343 |issue=19 |pages=1355–61 |year=2000 |month=November |pmid=11070099 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=11070099&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid16551711">{{cite journal |author=Whang W, Manson JE, Hu FB, ''et al'' |title=Physical exertion, exercise, and sudden cardiac death in women |journal=JAMA |volume=295 |issue=12 |pages=1399–403 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16551711 |doi=10.1001/jama.295.12.1399 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6472399">{{cite journal |author=Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH, Lasky T |title=The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=311 |issue=14 |pages=874–7 |year=1984 |month=October |pmid=6472399 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid8232456">{{cite journal |author=Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE |title=Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=329 |issue=23 |pages=1677–83 |year=1993 |month=December |pmid=8232456 |doi= |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=short&pmid=8232456&promo=ONFLNS19}}</ref><ref name="pmid10707914">{{cite journal |author=Hallqvist J, Möller J, Ahlbom A, Diderichsen F, Reuterwall C, de Faire U |title=Does heavy physical exertion trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis nested in a population-based case-referent study |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=151 |issue=5 |pages=459–67 |year=2000 |month=March |pmid=10707914 |doi= |url=http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10707914}}</ref> | |||
*[[Plaque rupture]] | *[[Plaque rupture]] | ||
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | *[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | ||
Line 198: | Line 195: | ||
*[[Respiratory failure]] | *[[Respiratory failure]] | ||
*[[Sexual activity]] | *[[Sexual activity]] | ||
*[[Sports injury]] <ref name="pmid11124170">{{cite journal |author=Witte DR, Bots ML, Hoes AW, Grobbee DE |title=Cardiovascular mortality in Dutch men during 1996 European football championship: longitudinal population study |journal=BMJ |volume=321 |issue=7276 |pages=1552–4 |year=2000 |pmid=11124170 |pmc=27557 |doi= |url=http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11124170}}</ref> | |||
*[[Stress cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Stress cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[beta blockers|Sudden withdrawal of beta blockers]] | *[[beta blockers|Sudden withdrawal of beta blockers]] |
Revision as of 16:26, 15 October 2014
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Microchapters |
Differentiating ST elevation myocardial infarction from other Diseases |
Diagnosis |
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
ST elevation myocardial infarction causes On the Web |
Directions to Hospitals Treating ST elevation myocardial infarction |
Risk calculators and risk factors for ST elevation myocardial infarction causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]
Overview
The most common proximate cause of ST elevation myocardial infarction is plaque rupture. There are risk factors for plaque rupture and triggers of plaque rupture. A full discussion regarding the chronic risk factors and acute triggers of ST elevation MI can be found in other chapters. While plaque rupture is the most common cause of ST segment elevation MI, other conditions can cause ST elevation and myocardial necrosis. In order to expeditiously treat an alternate underlying cause of myonecrosis, it is important to rapidly identify conditions other than plaque rupture that may also cause ST elevation and myonecrosis. Indeed, the management of some of these conditions might differ substantially from that of plaque rupture: cocaine induced STEMI would not be treated with beta-blockers, and myocardial contusion would not be treated with an antithrombin. These conditions include the following:
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
- Aortic dissection
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Infectious endocarditis
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Sherwood JB; et al. (1995). "Triggering of acute myocardial infarction onset by episodes of anger. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators". Circulation. 92 (7): 1720–5. PMID 7671353. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Möller J, Hallqvist J, Diderichsen F, Theorell T, Reuterwall C, Ahlbom A (1999). "Do episodes of anger trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis in the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP)". Psychosom Med. 61 (6): 842–9. PMID 10593637.
- ↑ Koton S, Tanne D, Bornstein NM, Green MS (2004). "Triggering risk factors for ischemic stroke: a case-crossover study". Neurology. 63 (11): 2006–10. PMID 15596741. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Leor J, Kloner RA (1996). "The Northridge earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction". Am. J. Cardiol. 77 (14): 1230–2. PMID 8651102. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Leor J, Poole WK, Kloner RA (1996). "Sudden cardiac death triggered by an earthquake". N. Engl. J. Med. 334 (7): 413–9. PMID 8552142. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Brown DL (1999). "Disparate effects of the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction: importance of superimposition of triggers". Am. Heart J. 137 (5): 830–6. PMID 10220631. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Allegra JR, Mostashari F, Rothman J, Milano P, Cochrane DG (2005). "Cardiac events in New Jersey after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack". J Urban Health. 82 (3): 358–63. doi:10.1093/jurban/jti087. PMID 16000653. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Meisel SR, Kutz I, Dayan KI; et al. (1991). "Effect of Iraqi missile war on incidence of acute myocardial infarction and sudden death in Israeli civilians". Lancet. 338 (8768): 660–1. PMID 1679475. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Subramanyam S, Kreisberg RA (2012). "Pheochromocytoma: a cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, transient left ventricular dysfunction, and takotsubo cardiomyopathy". Endocr Pract. 18 (4): e77–80. doi:10.4158/EP11346.CR. PMID 22441003.
- ↑ Willich SN, Lewis M, Löwel H, Arntz HR, Schubert F, Schröder R (1993). "Physical exertion as a trigger of acute myocardial infarction. Triggers and Mechanisms of Myocardial Infarction Study Group". N. Engl. J. Med. 329 (23): 1684–90. PMID 8232457. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB (1998). "Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories". Circulation. 97 (18): 1837–47. PMID 9603539. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Tofler GH, Sherwood JB, Goldberg RJ, Muller JE (1993). "Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators". N. Engl. J. Med. 329 (23): 1677–83. PMID 8232456. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ 13.0 13.1 Hallqvist J, Möller J, Ahlbom A, Diderichsen F, Reuterwall C, de Faire U (2000). "Does heavy physical exertion trigger myocardial infarction? A case-crossover analysis nested in a population-based case-referent study". Am. J. Epidemiol. 151 (5): 459–67. PMID 10707914. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Giri S, Thompson PD, Kiernan FJ; et al. (1999). "Clinical and angiographic characteristics of exertion-related acute myocardial infarction". JAMA. 282 (18): 1731–6. PMID 10568645. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Albert CM, Mittleman MA, Chae CU, Lee IM, Hennekens CH, Manson JE (2000). "Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion". N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (19): 1355–61. PMID 11070099. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Whang W, Manson JE, Hu FB; et al. (2006). "Physical exertion, exercise, and sudden cardiac death in women". JAMA. 295 (12): 1399–403. doi:10.1001/jama.295.12.1399. PMID 16551711. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH, Lasky T (1984). "The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise". N. Engl. J. Med. 311 (14): 874–7. PMID 6472399. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Witte DR, Bots ML, Hoes AW, Grobbee DE (2000). "Cardiovascular mortality in Dutch men during 1996 European football championship: longitudinal population study". BMJ. 321 (7276): 1552–4. PMC 27557. PMID 11124170.
- ↑ Akashi YJ, Barbaro G, Sakurai T, Nakazawa K, Miyake F (2007). "Cardiac autonomic imbalance in patients with reversible ventricular dysfunction takotsubo cardiomyopathy". QJM. 100 (6): 335–43. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcm028. PMID 17483198.
- ↑ Kawano H, Koide Y, Toda G, Yano K (2005). "ST-segment elevation of electrocardiogram in a patient with Shoshin beriberi". Intern. Med. 44 (6): 578–85. PMID 16020883. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Hundley JM, Ashburn LL, Sebrell WH. The electrocardiogram in chronic thiamine deficiency in rats. Am J Physiol 144: 404–414, 1954.