Hypothermia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Common Causes

• End-stage liver disease
• Exposure
• Hypothyroidism
• Hypovolemic stroke
• Massive blood transfusion
• Sepsis
• Stroke

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Asystole, Atrioventricular Block, Cardiac arrest, Hypotension, Pulseless electrical activity, Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, Severe coronary thrombosis, Vascular insufficiency, Ventricular Fibrillation, Ventricular tachycardia
Chemical/Poisoning	Alcohol Toxicity, Antifreeze protein, Cannabinoids, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Drug overdose
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Burns, Erythroderma, Exfoliative dermatitis, Psoriasis, Skin disorders
Drug Side Effect	Acetaminophen and Oxycodone, Antidepressants, Antimanic agents, Antipsychotics, Anxiolytics, Beta blockers, Chlordiazepoxide, Chlorpromazine, Clorazepate,Diazepam, Flurazepam, General anesthesia, Gray baby syndrome, Levomepromazine, Nitrazepam, opioids, Phenobarbital, Oral antihyperglycemics, Melatonin
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Congenital hyperinsulinism, Diabetes mellitus, Hypoadrenalism, Hypoglycemia, Hypopituitarism, Hypothyroidism, Myxedema coma, Myxedema
Environmental	Cold exposure, Drowning, Environmental exposure, Immersion in cold water, Swimming, Therapeutic Hypothermia
Gastroenterologic	Fulminant Hepatic Failure, Pancreatitis , Severe hepatic cirrhosis
Genetic	DOPA decarboxylase deficiency, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Toxicity
Hematologic	Blood transfusion and complications, Hemorrhagic Diathesis
Iatrogenic	Cardiopulmonary bypass, Cold infusion, Induced hypothermia, Induced vasodilation, Major operation, Spinal analgesia
Infectious Disease	Community-acquired pneumonia, Overwhelming infection, Sepsis, Shock
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Anoxic brain injury, Apnea, Brain death, Cerebral edema, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral trauma, Cerebrovascular accident, Cerebrovascular injury, Coma, Hypothalamic dysfunction, Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular inefficiency, Neuropathies, Parkinsonism, Spinal cord lesion, Spinal-cord transection, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Ischemic Stroke, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Nutritional/Metabolic	Anorexia nervosa, kwashiorkor, Malnutrition, Starvation
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Emergent deliveries, Premature labour and/or delivery, Anorexia nervosa
Oncologic	Carcinomatosis, Terminal malignant disease
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Barbiturate Toxicity, Benzodiazepine Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol Toxicity, Narcotics Toxicity, Organophosphate poisoning, Sedative-Hypnotics Toxicity, Toxins
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary thrombectomy
Renal/Electrolyte	Continuous renal replacement therapy, Uremia
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Arginosuccinic aciduria, Decreased heat production, Euthyroid sick syndrome, Exercise, Extremes of age, Immobility, Impaired shivering, Inactivity, Insufficient fuel, Lactic Acidosis, Paradoxical undressing, Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, Wernicke's encephalopathy

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Alcohols Toxicity Anorexia nervosa Anoxic brain injury Antidepressants Antifreeze protein Antimanic agents Antipsychotics Anxiolytics Apnea Arginosuccinic aciduria Asystole Atrioventricular Block Barbiturate Toxicity Benzodiazepine Toxicity Beta blockers Blood transfusion and complications Brain death Burns Cannabinoids Carbon monoxide poisoning (type of Poisoning) Carcinomatosis Cardiac arrest Cardiopulmonary bypass Cerebral edema Cerebral hypoxia Cerebral trauma Cerebrovascular accident Cerebrovascular injury Chlordiazepoxide Chlorpromazine Clorazepate Cold exposure Cold infusion Coma Community-acquired pneumonia Congenital hyperinsulinism Continuous renal replacement therapy Decreased heat production Diabetes mellitus Diazepam DOPA decarboxylase deficiency

Drowning Drug overdose Emergent deliveries Environmental exposure Erythroderma Ethylene Glycol Toxicity Euthyroid sick syndrome Exercise Exfoliative dermatitis Extremes of age Flurazepam Fulminant Hepatic Failure Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Toxicity General anaesthesia Gray baby syndrome Hemorrhagic Diathesis Hypoadrenalism Hypoglycaemia Hypopituitarism Hypotension Hypothalamic dysfunction Hypothyroidism Immersion in cold water Immobility Impaired shivering Inactivity Induced hypothermia Induced vasodilation Insufficient fuel kwashiorkor Lactic Acidosis Levomepromazine Major operation Malnutrition Multiple sclerosis Myxedema coma Myxoedema Narcotics Toxicity Neuromuscular inefficiency Neuropathies Nitrazepam opioids

Oral antihyperglycemics Organophosphate poisoning Overwhelming infection Paget's disease of bone Pancreatitis Paradoxical undressing Parkinsonism Phenobarbital Premature labour and/or delivery Psoriasis Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary thrombectomy Pulseless electrical activity Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Sedative-Hypnotics Toxicity Sepsis Severe coronary thrombosis Severe hepatic cirrhosis Shock (medical) Skin disorders Spinal analgesia Spinal cord lesion Spinal cord transection Starvation Stroke, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Ischemic Subarachnoid hemorrhage Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn Swimming Terminal malignant disease Therapeutic Hypothermia Toxins Trauma Uremia Vascular insufficiency Ventricular Fibrillation Ventricular tachycardia Wernicke's encephalopathy

References

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