Monocytosis

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Definitions of Monocytosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Monocytosis is an increase in the number of circulating monocytes. In humans, 950/μL is regarded as at the upper limit of normal; monocyte counts above this level are regarded as monocytosis. Monocytes are white blood cells that give rise to macrophages and dendritic cells in the immune system.

Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Monocytosis

By Organ System

Cardiovascular	Bacterial Endocarditis
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Rifaximin
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Sarcoidosis
Environmental	Brucellosis, Kala-azar, Listeriosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Gastroenterologic	Cirrhosis, Crohn's disease, Infectious hepatitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Sarcoidosis, Ulcerative colitis
Genetic	Gaucher's Disease, Kostmann syndrome, Sarcoidosis
Hematologic	Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Benign familial neutropenia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Chronic neutropenia, Cyclical neutropenia, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Hodgkin lymphoma, Kostmann syndrome, Lymphoproliferative disease, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Myeloma, Myeloproliferative disease, Polyarteritis nodosa, Recovery from neutropenia, Visceral leishmaniasis
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Bacterial Endocarditis, Brucellosis, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Zoster Virus, Infectious Endocarditis, Infectious hepatitis, Kala-azar, Listeriosis, Malaria, Mononeucleosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Relapsing fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Syphillis, Trypanosomiasis, Whooping cough
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Rheumatoid arthritis
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Gaucher's Disease, Lipid storage disease
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, Myeloproliferative disease, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Other malignant lymphomas
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Whooping cough
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Crohn's disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Polyarteritis nodosa, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Ulcerative colitis
Sexual	Syphillis
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Kala-azar

In Alphabetical Order

• Acute lymphocytic leukemia
• Bacterial Endocarditis
• Benign familial neutropenia
• Brucellosis
• Carcinoma
• Chronic myeloid leukaemia
• Chronic neutropenia
• Cirrhosis
• Crohn's disease
• Cyclical neutropenia
• Cytomegalovirus
• Drugs
• Gaucher's Disease
• Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
• Herpes Zoster Virus
• Hodgkin lymphoma
• Infectious Endocarditis
• Infectious hepatitis
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome
• Kala-azar
• Kostmann syndrome
• Lipid storage disease
• listeriosis
• Lymphoproliferative disease
• Malaria
• Mononeucleosis
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Myeloma
• Myeloproliferative disease
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• Other malignant lymphomas
• Polyarteritis nodosa
• Recovery from neutropenia
• Relapsing fever
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Rocky Mountain spotted fever
• Sarcoidosis
• Syphillis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Trypanosomiasis
• Tuberculosis
• Ulcerative colitis
• Visceral leishmaniasis
• Whooping cough