|
|
| Line 593: |
Line 593: |
|
| |
|
| ====Atrial Fibrillation==== | | ====Atrial Fibrillation==== |
| {{col-begin|width=80%}} | | {{columns-list|3| |
| {{col-break|width=33%}}
| |
| *[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]] | | *[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]] |
| *[[Alcohol withdrawal]] | | *[[Alcohol withdrawal]] |
| Line 615: |
Line 614: |
| *[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]] | | *[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]] |
| *[[Coronary artery disease]] | | *[[Coronary artery disease]] |
| {{col-break|width=33%}}
| |
| *[[Dehydration]] | | *[[Dehydration]] |
| *[[Diabetes]] | | *[[Diabetes]] |
| Line 636: |
Line 634: |
| *[[Myocardial infarction]] | | *[[Myocardial infarction]] |
| *[[Myocarditis]] | | *[[Myocarditis]] |
| {{col-break|width=33%}}
| |
| *[[Obstructive sleep apnea]] | | *[[Obstructive sleep apnea]] |
| *[[Pericarditis]] | | *[[Pericarditis]] |
| Line 657: |
Line 654: |
| *[[Valvular heart disease]] | | *[[Valvular heart disease]] |
| *[[Viral infections]] | | *[[Viral infections]] |
| {{col-end}}
| | }} |
|
| |
|
| ====Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia==== | | ====Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia==== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [2]
Overview
Supraventricular tachycardia is a collective term used to describe all the tachycardias originating from the SA node, atrium and AV node. Therefore, the causes depend on the source of the pathology, and they are as follows:
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
2
Common Causes
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
2
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
Air embolism, amyloidosis, aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, arteriovenous fistula, atrial ischemia, atrial myxoma, atrial septal defect, cardiac tamponade, cardiac tumors, cardiomyopathy, Chagas heart disease, congestive heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, coronary artery disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, Ebstein's anomaly, endocarditis, familial atrial fibrillation, familial atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, heart bypass surgery, heart failure, hemochromatosis, holiday heart syndrome, hypertensive heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypokalemia, hypotension, hypoxia, ischemic heart disease, Kawasaki disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, LQT type 4, Lutembacher syndrome, mahaim fiber tachycardia, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve stenosis, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, neonatal coxsackie myocarditis, open heart surgery, pericarditis, peripartum cardiomyopathy, post cardiac surgery, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, shock, sick sinus syndrome, stroke, temporary cardiac pacing, tricuspid regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis, unstable angina, uremic pericarditis, valvular heart disease, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
|
| Chemical/Poisoning
|
Breath spray, carbon monoxide poisoning, cyanide, grayanotoxin, mercury poisoning
|
| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dermatologic
|
Psoriatic arthritis
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
Albuterol, alprazolam, amiodarone, amphetamines, amrinone, atomoxetine, atropine, beta blockers, caffeine, carbamazepine poisoning, cimetidine, clonidine, conivaptan, diazoxide, dicobalt edetate, diltiazem, disopyramide, dobutamine, docetaxel, dopexamine, doxapram, doxorubicin, ephedrine, epirubicin, fentanyl, flecainide, flumazenil, fluvoxamine, guanethidine, hexamethonium, hydralazine, ibutilide, isoprenaline, isoproterenol infusion, lithium, methamphetamines, methyldopa, methylphenidate, methysergide, minoxidil, nelarabine, nicotine, orlistat, palonosetron, paroxetine, phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, porfimer sodium, pramipexole, procainamide, propafenone, quinidine, ramucirumab, reserpine, ritodrine, romidepsin, salbutamol, salmeterol, sargramostim, sibutramine, theophylline, trimethaphan, type Ia antiarrhythmic agents, type Ic antiarrhythmic agents, type III antiarrhythmic agents, verapamil
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
No underlying causes
|
| Endocrine
|
Amyloidosis, diabetes mellitus, fatigue, hemochromatosis, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, hypothyroidism, pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis
|
| Environmental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
Crohn's disease, hemochromatosis, ulcerative colitis
|
| Genetic
|
Channelopaties, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, hemochromatosis, LQT type 4, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy
|
| Hematologic
|
Anemia, fat embolism, fatigue, hemochromatosis
|
| Iatrogenic
|
Cardiac surgery, cardiac transplantation, incomplete ablation procedures, post cardiac surgery, postoperative complication, surgery
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Amoebiasis, chagas heart disease, diphtheria, fever, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, myocarditis, myotonic dystrophy, neonatal coxsackie myocarditis, rheumatic fever, salmonella typhosa, sepsis, trichinosis, viral infections
|
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
|
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, fat embolism, hemochromatosis, muscular dystrophy
|
| Neurologic
|
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, fat embolism, fatigue, Guillain-Barré syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage
|
| Nutritional/Metabolic
|
Dehydration, hypercapnia, hypervitaminosis D, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
nonimmune hydrops fetalis, peripartum cardiomyopathy, pregnancy
|
| Oncologic
|
atrial myxoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, cardiac tumors, fatigue, lung cancer, pheochromocytoma
|
| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose/Toxicity
|
Alcohol overdose, alcohol withdrawal, aminophylline toxicity, binge drinking, carbamazepine poisoning, cocaine overdose, digitalis toxicity, salicylate poisoning, tricyclic antidepressant overdose
|
| Psychiatric
|
Anxiety, bulimia nervosa, fatigue, panic disorder, psychological stress
|
| Pulmonary
|
Air embolism, bronchogenic carcinoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, fat embolism, hypoxia, lung cancer, pneumonia, sarcoidosis, tension pneumothorax
|
| Renal/Electrolyte
|
Chronic kidney disease, chronic renal failure, dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, renal insufficiency
|
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
|
Amyloidosis, ankylosing spondylitis, collagen vascular disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, spondyloarthritis
|
| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
|
| Trauma
|
Cardiac injury from blunt trauma, drowning, electric shock
|
| Urologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
|
Binge drinking, drowning, fever, hypothermia, malignant hyperthermia, pain, stress
|
Combined List of Causes in Alphabetical Order
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
3
Causes Based on Pathophysiologic Origin
SVTs from a Sinoatrial Source
Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia
The cause of inappropriate sinus tachycardia is unknown. It is a diagnosis of exclusion after all the specific physiological and psychological triggers of sinus tachycardia have been excluded. The diagnosis of IST is based on the presence of a persistent and recurrent sinus tachycardia on EKG that is otherwise unexplainable.
Sinus Tachycardia
Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
SVTs from an Atrial Source
Focal Atrial Tachycardia
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Fibrillation
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
3
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
2
SVTs from an Atrioventricular Source
AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
AV Reentrant Tachycardia
Junctional Tachycardia
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
columns-list}}.
2
References