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{{drugbox |
{{one source|date=December 2014}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 458788100
| IUPAC_name = 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)butan-1-one
| IUPAC_name = 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)butan-1-one
| image = Azaperone structure.svg
| image = Azaperone structure.png
| width = 180
| width = 180
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = 
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|azaperone}}
| pregnancy_AU = 
| pregnancy_US = 
| pregnancy_category = 
| legal_AU = 
| legal_CA = 
| legal_UK = 
| legal_US = 
| legal_status = 
| routes_of_administration = intramuscular injection
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = 
| protein_bound = 
| metabolism = hepatic
| elimination_half-life = 4 hours
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CAS_number = 1649-18-9
| CAS_number = 1649-18-9
| ATC_prefix =  
| ATCvet = yes
| ATC_suffix =  
| ATC_prefix = N01
| ATC_suffix = AX91
| ATC_supplemental =  {{ATCvet|N05|AD90}}
| PubChem = 15443
| PubChem = 15443
| C=19 | H=22 | F=1 | N=3 | O=1
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14695
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 19BV78AK7W
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02620
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 340211
 
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=19 | H=22 | F=1 | N=3 | O=1  
| molecular_weight = 327.396 g/mol
| molecular_weight = 327.396 g/mol
| smiles = C1CN(CCN1CCCC(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C3=CC=CC=N3
| smiles = Fc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)CCCN3CCN(c2ncccc2)CC3
| InChI = 1/C19H22FN3O/c20-17-8-6-16(7-9-17)18(24)4-3-11-22-12-14-23(15-13-22)19-5-1-2-10-21-19/h1-2,5-10H,3-4,11-15H2
| InChIKey = XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYAD
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C19H22FN3O/c20-17-8-6-16(7-9-17)18(24)4-3-11-22-12-14-23(15-13-22)19-5-1-2-10-21-19/h1-2,5-10H,3-4,11-15H2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| melting_point = 90
| melting_point = 90
| melting_high = 95
| melting_high = 95
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism = hepatic
| elimination_half-life = 4 hours
| excretion =
| pregnancy_AU = 
| pregnancy_US =
| pregnancy_category = 
| legal_AU =
| legal_CA =
| legal_UK =
| legal_US =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = intramuscular injection
}}
}}
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}


'''Azaperone''' ('''Stresnil''', '''Fluoperidol''') is a [[butyrophenone]] [[neuroleptic]] drug with [[sedative]] and [[anti-emetic]] effects, which is used mainly as a [[tranquilizer]] in [[veterinary]] medicine. It is used mainly in pigs and elephants. [http://www.elephantcare.org/Drugs/azaperon.htm] More rarely it may be used in humans as an [[antipsychotic]] drug, but this is uncommon. Use in horses is avoided as adverse reactions may occur.
==Overview==
'''Azaperone''' ('''Stresnil''', '''Fluoperidol''') is a [[pyridinylpiperazine]] and [[butyrophenone]] [[neuroleptic]] [[drug]] with [[sedative]] and [[antiemetic]] effects, which is used mainly as a [[tranquilizer]] in [[veterinary]] medicine. It is used mainly in pigs and elephants. <ref>[http://www.elephantcare.org/Drugs/azaperon.htm The Elephant Formulary]</ref> More rarely it may be used in humans as an [[antipsychotic]] drug, but this is uncommon. Use in horses is avoided as adverse reactions may occur.


Azaperone acts primarily as a [[dopamine]] [[antagonist (pharmacology)|antagonist]] but also has some [[histamine|antihistaminic]] and [[choline|anticholinergic]] properties as seen with similar drugs such as [[haloperidol]]. Azaperone may cause [[hypotension]] and while it has minimal effects on respiration in pigs, high doses in humans can cause [[respiratory depression]] which may be why it is rarely used in humans.  
Azaperone acts primarily as a [[dopamine]] [[antagonist (pharmacology)|antagonist]] but also has some [[histamine|antihistaminic]] and [[choline|anticholinergic]] properties as seen with similar drugs such as [[haloperidol]]. Azaperone may cause [[hypotension]] and while it has minimal effects on respiration in pigs, high doses in humans can cause [[respiratory depression]] which may be why it is rarely used in humans.  


The most common use for azaperone is in relatively small doses to reduce aggression in farmed pigs, either to stop them fighting or to encourage sows to accept piglets. Higher doses are used for [[anesthesia]] in combination with other drugs such as [[xylazine]], [[tiletamine]] and [[zolazepam]]. Azaperone is also used in combination with strong narcotics such as [[etorphine]] or [[carfentanil]] for tranquilizing large animals such as elephants.
The most common use for azaperone is in relatively small doses to reduce aggression in farmed pigs, either to stop them fighting or to encourage sows to accept piglets. Higher doses are used for [[anesthesia]] in combination with other drugs such as [[xylazine]], [[tiletamine]] and [[zolazepam]]. Azaperone is also used in combination with strong narcotics such as [[etorphine]] or [[carfentanil]] for tranquilizing large animals such as elephants.
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}


{{Antipsychotics}}
{{Antipsychotics}}
{{Cholinergics}}
{{Dopaminergics}}
{{Histaminergics}}
{{Piperazines}}


[[Category:Typical antipsychotics]]
[[Category:Piperazines]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
[[Category:Pyridines]]
[[Category:Butyrophenone antipsychotics]]
[[Category:Drug]]

Revision as of 17:32, 13 April 2015

Azaperone
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Routes of
administration		intramuscular injection
ATCvet code
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolismhepatic
Elimination half-life4 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC19H22FN3O
Molar mass327.396 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point90 to 95 °C (Expression error: Unrecognized word "to". °F)
 ☒N☑Y (what is this?)  (verify)


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Azaperone (Stresnil, Fluoperidol) is a pyridinylpiperazine and butyrophenone neuroleptic drug with sedative and antiemetic effects, which is used mainly as a tranquilizer in veterinary medicine. It is used mainly in pigs and elephants. [1] More rarely it may be used in humans as an antipsychotic drug, but this is uncommon. Use in horses is avoided as adverse reactions may occur.

Azaperone acts primarily as a dopamine antagonist but also has some antihistaminic and anticholinergic properties as seen with similar drugs such as haloperidol. Azaperone may cause hypotension and while it has minimal effects on respiration in pigs, high doses in humans can cause respiratory depression which may be why it is rarely used in humans.

The most common use for azaperone is in relatively small doses to reduce aggression in farmed pigs, either to stop them fighting or to encourage sows to accept piglets. Higher doses are used for anesthesia in combination with other drugs such as xylazine, tiletamine and zolazepam. Azaperone is also used in combination with strong narcotics such as etorphine or carfentanil for tranquilizing large animals such as elephants.

References

  1. ↑ The Elephant Formulary

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