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===Conjunctivitis=== | ===Conjunctivitis=== | ||
* Conjunctivitis, acute<ref | * Conjunctivitis, acute<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1001/jama.2013.280318| issn = 1538-3598| volume = 310| issue = 16| pages = 1721–1729| last1 = Azari| first1 = Amir A.| last2 = Barney| first2 = Neal P.| title = Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment| journal = JAMA| date = 2013-10-23| pmid = 24150468| pmc = PMC4049531}}</ref> | ||
:* | :* Bacterial conjunctivitis | ||
::* | ::* Empiric antimicrobial therapy, | ||
:::* Preferred regimen: [[ | :::* Preferred regimen (1): [[Gentamicin]] ointment qid for 1 week {{or}} [[Gentamicin]] solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week {{or}} [[Tobramycin]] ointment tid for 1 week | ||
:::* Preferred regimen (2): [[Besifloxacin]] solution 1 drop 3 times for 1 week {{or}} [[Ciprofloxacin]] ointment tid for 1 week {{or}} [[Ciprofloxacin]] solution 1-2 drops topical qid for 1 week {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] solution tid for 1 week {{or}} [[Levofloxacin]] solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week {{or}} [[Moxifloxacin]] solution tid for 1 week {{or}} [[Ofloxacin]] solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week | |||
:::* Preferred regimen (3): [[Azithromycin]] ointment bid for 2 days, then 1 drop qd for 5 days {{or}} [[Erythromycin]] ointment qid for 1 week | |||
:::* Preferred regimen (4): [[Sulfacetamide]] ointment qid and at bedtime for 1 week {{or}} [[Sulfacetamide]] solution 1-2 drops q2-3h for 1 week | |||
:::* Preferred regimen (5): [[Trimethoprim]]/[[Polymyxin B]] solution 1 or 2 drops qid for 1 week | |||
:::: Note: Topical steroids are not recommended for bacterial conjunctivitis. | |||
:* Pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy | |||
::* '''Chlamydia trachomatis''' | ::* '''Chlamydia trachomatis''' | ||
:::* Inclusion conjunctivitis | :::* Inclusion conjunctivitis | ||
| Line 28: | Line 27: | ||
::::: Note: Dual therapy to cover Chlamydia is indicated. | ::::: Note: Dual therapy to cover Chlamydia is indicated. | ||
::* '''Herpes simplex virus''' | ::* '''Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant (MRSA)''' | ||
:::* Preferred regimen: [[Acyclovir]] 1 drop topical 9 times per day {{or}} [[Acyclovir]] 400 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Valacyclovir]] 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days | :::* Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] ointment 1% qid | ||
:::: Note: Topical steroids should be avoided. | |||
::* Herpetic conjunctivitis | |||
:::* '''Herpes simplex virus''' | |||
::::* Preferred regimen: [[Acyclovir]] 1 drop topical 9 times per day {{or}} [[Acyclovir]] 400 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Valacyclovir]] 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days | |||
::::: Note: Topical steroids should be avoided. | |||
::* '''Varicella zoster virus''' | :::* '''Varicella zoster virus''' | ||
:::* Preferred regimen: [[Acyclovir]] 800 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Famciclovir]] 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Valacyclovir]] 1000 mg PO tid for 7-10 days | ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Acyclovir]] 800 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Famciclovir]] 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days {{or}} [[Valacyclovir]] 1000 mg PO tid for 7-10 days | ||
:::: Note: Treatment usually consists of a combination of oral antivirals and topical steroids. | ::::: Note: Treatment usually consists of a combination of oral antivirals and topical steroids. | ||
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Revision as of 20:23, 2 June 2015
Conjunctivitis
- Conjunctivitis, acute[1]
- Bacterial conjunctivitis
- Empiric antimicrobial therapy,
- Preferred regimen (1): Gentamicin ointment qid for 1 week OR Gentamicin solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week OR Tobramycin ointment tid for 1 week
- Preferred regimen (2): Besifloxacin solution 1 drop 3 times for 1 week OR Ciprofloxacin ointment tid for 1 week OR Ciprofloxacin solution 1-2 drops topical qid for 1 week OR Gatifloxacin solution tid for 1 week OR Levofloxacin solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week OR Moxifloxacin solution tid for 1 week OR Ofloxacin solution 1-2 drops qid for 1 week
- Preferred regimen (3): Azithromycin ointment bid for 2 days, then 1 drop qd for 5 days OR Erythromycin ointment qid for 1 week
- Preferred regimen (4): Sulfacetamide ointment qid and at bedtime for 1 week OR Sulfacetamide solution 1-2 drops q2-3h for 1 week
- Preferred regimen (5): Trimethoprim/Polymyxin B solution 1 or 2 drops qid for 1 week
- Note: Topical steroids are not recommended for bacterial conjunctivitis.
- Pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Inclusion conjunctivitis
- Preferred regimen: Azithromycin 1 g PO qd
- Alternative regimen: Doxycycline 100 mg PO bid for 7 days
- Conjunctivitis secondary to trachoma
- Preferred regimen: Azithromycin 20 mg/kg PO for one single dose
- Alternative regimen (1): Tetracycline OR Erythromycin ointment for 6 weeks
- Alternative regimen (2): Tetracycline PO for 3 weeks OR Erythromycin PO for 3 weeks
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis, adult
- Preferred regimen: Ceftriaxone 1 g IM once
- Note: Dual therapy to cover Chlamydia is indicated.
- Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant (MRSA)
- Preferred regimen: Vancomycin ointment 1% qid
- Herpetic conjunctivitis
- Herpes simplex virus
- Preferred regimen: Acyclovir 1 drop topical 9 times per day OR Acyclovir 400 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days OR Valacyclovir 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days
- Note: Topical steroids should be avoided.
- Varicella zoster virus
- Preferred regimen: Acyclovir 800 mg PO 5 times per day for 7-10 days OR Famciclovir 500 mg PO tid for 7-10 days OR Valacyclovir 1000 mg PO tid for 7-10 days
- Note: Treatment usually consists of a combination of oral antivirals and topical steroids.
Blepharitis
Endophthalmitis, bacterial
Endophthalmitis, candidal
Endophthalmitis, chronic
Endophthalmitis, mold
Endophthalmitis, post-cataract surgery, acute
Endophthalmitis, post-cataract surgery, chronic
Endophthalmitis, post-tramatic
Keratitis, bacterial
Keratitis, fungal
Keratitis, protozoal
Keratitis, viral
Ocular syphilis
Ocular toxocariasis
Ocular toxoplasmosis
Ocular tuberculosis
Orbital cellulitis
Periocular Infection
Retinal necrosis, acute, CMV
Retinal necrosis, acute, HSV or VZV
Retinal necrosis, progressive outer, VZV
Retinitis, CMV
Stye
Uveitis, acute anterior
Uveitis, Lyme disease
References
- ↑ Azari, Amir A.; Barney, Neal P. (2013-10-23). "Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment". JAMA. 310 (16): 1721–1729. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.280318. ISSN 1538-3598. PMC 4049531. PMID 24150468.