Lassa fever historical perspective: Difference between revisions

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* Administration of ribavirin for the treatment of Lassa fever was first introduced by [[Joseph B. McCormick|Joe McCormick]] in 1979.
* Administration of ribavirin for the treatment of Lassa fever was first introduced by [[Joseph B. McCormick|Joe McCormick]] in 1979.
* Lassa fever is uncommon outside West Africa. Only 6 patients with Lassa fever have historically been hospitalized in USA (all 6 patients had recently traveled to West Africa). The most recent case of Lassa fever in USA was reported in May 2015.
* Lassa fever is uncommon outside West Africa. Only 6 patients with Lassa fever have historically been hospitalized in USA (all 6 patients had recently traveled to West Africa). The most recent case of Lassa fever in USA was reported in May 2015.<br>
[[File:Lassa fever history.jpg|thumb|center|600 px|A physician examining a patient with Lassa fever patient in West Africa in 1977.<br><sup>Image retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Lassa Fever History</sup><ref name="CDC PHIL Lassa History">{{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- Lassa fever history | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp}}</ref>]]
 
{| style="border: 0px; margin: 5px;" width=800px
| align="center" style="background:#4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Year of import'''}}
| align="center" style="background:#4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Occupation'''}}
| align="center" style="background:#4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|'''From'''}}
| align="center" style="background:#4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|'''To'''}}
| align="center" style="background:#4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;"|{{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Clinical outcome'''}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1971||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Nurse||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1971||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Physician||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1972||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Nurse||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1974||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Physician||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Germany||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1975||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Physician||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Died
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1976||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Engineer||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1980||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Aid worker||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Upen Volta||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Netherlands||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1981||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Teacher||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1982||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Diplomat||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1984||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Geologist||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1985||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Nurse||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
 
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1987||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Engineer||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone/Liberia||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Israel||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1987||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Engineer||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Japan||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 1989||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Agricultural specialist||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Canada||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2000||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Student||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Cotê d'Ivoire/Burkina Faso/Ghana||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Germany||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Died
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2000||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Peace Keeper||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|CSierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Died
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2000||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Unknown||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Nigeria||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Germany||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Died
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2000||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Physician||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Netherlands||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Died
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2003||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Peace Keeper||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|United Kingdom||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"| 2006||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|-||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Sierra Leone||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F2F2F2;"|Germany||style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #EBEBEB;"|Survived
|}
<SMALL>Data from the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, as of May 2015</SMALL> <br>
 
[[File:Lassa fever history.jpg|thumb|left|600 px|A physician examining a patient with Lassa fever patient in West Africa in 1977.<br><sup>Image retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Lassa Fever History</sup><ref name="CDC PHIL Lassa History">{{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- Lassa fever history | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp}}</ref>]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 17:22, 9 June 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Lassa hemorrhagic fever; LHF

Overview

The first case of documented Lassa fever was reported in 1969 following the death of 2 nurses in Lassa, Nigeria.[1]Prior to that, similar cases in West Africa were reported and thought to be caused by Lassa fever given the clinical and epidemiological resemblance of the presentation to Lassa fever.

Historical Perspective

  • In 1955-1956, epidemics with clinical and epidemiological resemblance to Lassa fever were reported in Eastern Province and Sierra Leone.
  • The first case of documented Lassa fever was reported in 1969 following the death of 2 nurses in Lassa, Nigeria.[1] Prior to that, similar cases in West Africa were reported and thought to be caused by Lassa fever given the clinical and epidemiological resemblance of the presentation to Lassa fever.
  • Administration of ribavirin for the treatment of Lassa fever was first introduced by Joe McCormick in 1979.
  • Lassa fever is uncommon outside West Africa. Only 6 patients with Lassa fever have historically been hospitalized in USA (all 6 patients had recently traveled to West Africa). The most recent case of Lassa fever in USA was reported in May 2015.
Year of import Occupation From To Clinical outcome
1971 Nurse Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
1971 Physician Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
1972 Nurse Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
1974 Physician Nigeria Germany Survived
1975 Physician Nigeria United Kingdom Died
1976 Engineer Nigeria United Kingdom Survived
1980 Aid worker Upen Volta Netherlands Survived
1981 Teacher Nigeria United Kingdom Survived
1982 Diplomat Nigeria United Kingdom Survived
1984 Geologist Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
1985 Nurse Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
1987 Engineer Sierra Leone/Liberia Israel Survived
1987 Engineer Sierra Leone Japan Survived
1989 Agricultural specialist Nigeria Canada Survived
2000 Student Cotê d'Ivoire/Burkina Faso/Ghana Germany Died
2000 Peace Keeper CSierra Leone United Kingdom Died
2000 Unknown Nigeria Germany Died
2000 Physician Sierra Leone Netherlands Died
2003 Peace Keeper Sierra Leone United Kingdom Survived
2006 - Sierra Leone Germany Survived

Data from the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, as of May 2015

A physician examining a patient with Lassa fever patient in West Africa in 1977.
Image retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Lassa Fever History[2]

References

  1. ↑ Monath TP (1975). "Lassa fever: review of epidemiology and epizootiology". Bull World Health Organ. 52 (4–6): 577–92. PMC 2366662. PMID 782738.
  2. ↑ "Public Health Image Library (PHIL), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- Lassa fever history".
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