Cholera causes: Difference between revisions
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* Transmission to humans is by ingesting contaminated water or food. The major reservoir for cholera was long assumed to be humans, but some evidence suggests that it is the aquatic environment. | * Transmission to humans is by ingesting contaminated water or food. The major reservoir for cholera was long assumed to be humans, but some evidence suggests that it is the aquatic environment. | ||
* ''V. cholerae'' is a [[Gram-negative]] bacteria which produces [[cholera toxin]], an [[enterotoxin]], whose action on the [[mucosa]]l [[epithelium]] lining of the small intestine is responsible for the characteristic massive diarrhea of the disease.<ref name=Sherris /> | * ''V. cholerae'' is a [[Gram-negative]] bacteria which produces [[cholera toxin]], an [[enterotoxin]], whose action on the [[mucosa]]l [[epithelium]] lining of the small intestine is responsible for the characteristic massive diarrhea of the disease.<ref name=Sherris /> | ||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Cholera10.jpeg| Crabs have been a repeated source of cholera in the United States and elsewhere, even though they are rarely eaten raw. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
Image: Cholera07.jpeg| Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria; Mag. 19058x. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
Image: Cholera06.jpeg| Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
Image: Cholera05.jpeg| Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a flagellated Vibrio vulnificus bacterium; Mag. 26367x. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
Image: Cholera04.jpeg| Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
Image: Cholera03.jpeg| Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio cholerae bacteria of the serogroup 01; Magnified 22371x. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | |||
</gallery> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 17:46, 12 June 2015
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Cholera Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Cholera causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cholera causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]
Overview
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.[1]. Persons infected with cholera have massive diarrhea. This highly liquid diarrhea, which is often compared to "rice water," is loaded with bacteria that can spread under unsanitary conditions to infect water used by other people.
Causes
- Cholera (or Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera) is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.[1]
- Transmission to humans is by ingesting contaminated water or food. The major reservoir for cholera was long assumed to be humans, but some evidence suggests that it is the aquatic environment.
- V. cholerae is a Gram-negative bacteria which produces cholera toxin, an enterotoxin, whose action on the mucosal epithelium lining of the small intestine is responsible for the characteristic massive diarrhea of the disease.[1]
-
![Crabs have been a repeated source of cholera in the United States and elsewhere, even though they are rarely eaten raw. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/2/26/Cholera10.jpeg)
Crabs have been a repeated source of cholera in the United States and elsewhere, even though they are rarely eaten raw. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
-
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria; Mag. 19058x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/3/36/Cholera07.jpeg)
Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria; Mag. 19058x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
-
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/0/0d/Cholera06.jpeg)
Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
-
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a flagellated Vibrio vulnificus bacterium; Mag. 26367x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/b/b9/Cholera05.jpeg)
Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a flagellated Vibrio vulnificus bacterium; Mag. 26367x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
-
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/2/2c/Cholera04.jpeg)
Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
-
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio cholerae bacteria of the serogroup 01; Magnified 22371x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/images/c/c8/Cholera03.jpeg)
Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio cholerae bacteria of the serogroup 01; Magnified 22371x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]
![Crabs have been a repeated source of cholera in the United States and elsewhere, even though they are rarely eaten raw. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera10.jpeg)
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria; Mag. 19058x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera07.jpeg)
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera06.jpeg)
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a flagellated Vibrio vulnificus bacterium; Mag. 26367x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera05.jpeg)
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria; Mag. 13184x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera04.jpeg)
![Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a number of Vibrio cholerae bacteria of the serogroup 01; Magnified 22371x. From Public Health Image Library (PHIL). [2]](/index.php/File:Cholera03.jpeg)