Bronchiectasis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Bronchiectasis}} | {{Bronchiectasis}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D. | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Bronchiectasis shows a higher mortality with males, advanced age, poor functional status, severe disease based on radiographic findings, and evidence of hypoxemia and hypercapnia. | Bronchiectasis shows a higher mortality with males, advanced age, poor functional status, severe disease based on radiographic findings, and evidence of hypoxemia and hypercapnia. | ||
== | ==Natural History== | ||
*There is often a delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. | |||
==Complications== | |||
*Recurrent infection | |||
*Increased sputum production | |||
*Dyspnea | |||
*Massive hemoptysis | |||
*Pneumonia | |||
*Pulmonary hypertension | |||
:*Decreased air is traveling through the bronchus | |||
:*Less oxygen is being distributed everywhere | |||
:*Causes pulmonary constriction which increases the pulmonary pressure | |||
*Cor pulmonale (common cause of death) | |||
*Respiratory failure (common cause of death) | |||
==Prognosis== | |||
*Bronchiectasis has been shown to contribute to early mortality.<ref name="pmid23728208">{{cite journal| author=McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM| title=Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | journal=QJM | year= 2013 | volume= 106 | issue= 8 | pages= 709-15 | pmid=23728208 | doi=10.1093/qjmed/hct109 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23728208 }} </ref> | *Bronchiectasis has been shown to contribute to early mortality.<ref name="pmid23728208">{{cite journal| author=McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM| title=Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | journal=QJM | year= 2013 | volume= 106 | issue= 8 | pages= 709-15 | pmid=23728208 | doi=10.1093/qjmed/hct109 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23728208 }} </ref> | ||
*Factors associated with higher mortality are advanced age, poor functional status, more severe disease based on radiographic findings, and evidence of hypoxemia or hypercapnia.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Onen ZP, Eris Gulbay B, Sen E, Akkoca Yildiz O, Saryal S, Acican T, Karabiyikoglu G|title=Analysis of the factors related to mortality in patients with bronchiectasis. |language=English |journal= Respir Med. |volume=101 |issue=7 |pages=1390-97 |year=2007 |pmid=17374480 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
*In US long-term cohort of 91 patients, 30% died during a 13-year follow-up period (median age 60 years).<ref name="pmid23728208">{{cite journal| author=McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM| title=Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | journal=QJM | year= 2013 | volume= 106 | issue= 8 | pages= 709-15 | pmid=23728208 | doi=10.1093/qjmed/hct109 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23728208 }} </ref> | *In US long-term cohort of 91 patients, 30% died during a 13-year follow-up period (median age 60 years).<ref name="pmid23728208">{{cite journal| author=McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM| title=Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | journal=QJM | year= 2013 | volume= 106 | issue= 8 | pages= 709-15 | pmid=23728208 | doi=10.1093/qjmed/hct109 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23728208 }} </ref> | ||
*Early mortality is associated with males<ref name="pmid23728208">{{cite journal| author=McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM| title=Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | journal=QJM | year= 2013 | volume= 106 | issue= 8 | pages= 709-15 | pmid=23728208 | doi=10.1093/qjmed/hct109 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23728208 }} </ref> | |||
*Infected with [[''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'']], severe exacerbations, and systemic inflammation are associated with disease advancement | |||
*10% of adults die within 5-8 years of diagnosis (majority being respiratory related) | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS | {{WS} | ||
Revision as of 18:00, 26 June 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Bronchiectasis shows a higher mortality with males, advanced age, poor functional status, severe disease based on radiographic findings, and evidence of hypoxemia and hypercapnia.
Natural History
- There is often a delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis.
Complications
- Recurrent infection
- Increased sputum production
- Dyspnea
- Massive hemoptysis
- Pneumonia
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Decreased air is traveling through the bronchus
- Less oxygen is being distributed everywhere
- Causes pulmonary constriction which increases the pulmonary pressure
- Cor pulmonale (common cause of death)
- Respiratory failure (common cause of death)
Prognosis
- Bronchiectasis has been shown to contribute to early mortality.[1]
- Factors associated with higher mortality are advanced age, poor functional status, more severe disease based on radiographic findings, and evidence of hypoxemia or hypercapnia.[2]
- In US long-term cohort of 91 patients, 30% died during a 13-year follow-up period (median age 60 years).[1]
- Early mortality is associated with males[1]
- Infected with ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', severe exacerbations, and systemic inflammation are associated with disease advancement
- 10% of adults die within 5-8 years of diagnosis (majority being respiratory related)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM (2013). "Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis". QJM. 106 (8): 709–15. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hct109. PMID 23728208.
- ↑ Onen ZP, Eris Gulbay B, Sen E, Akkoca Yildiz O, Saryal S, Acican T, Karabiyikoglu G (2007). "Analysis of the factors related to mortality in patients with bronchiectasis". Respir Med. 101 (7): 1390–97. PMID 17374480.
Template:WH {{WS}