Bronchiectasis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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===Developing Countries=== | ===Developing Countries=== | ||
* Infections are an important cause of bronchiectasis in developing countries, therefore it is diagnosed during childhood.<ref name="KaradagKarakoc2005">{{cite journal|last1=Karadag|first1=B.|last2=Karakoc|first2=F.|last3=Ersu|first3=R.|last4=Kut|first4=A.|last5=Bakac|first5=S.|last6=Dagli|first6=E.|title=Non-Cystic-Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Children: A Persisting Problem in Developing Countries|journal=Respiration|volume=72|issue=3|year=2005|pages=233–238|issn=1423-0356|doi=10.1159/000085362}}</ref> | * Infections are an important cause of bronchiectasis in developing countries, therefore it is diagnosed during childhood.<ref name="KaradagKarakoc2005">{{cite journal|last1=Karadag|first1=B.|last2=Karakoc|first2=F.|last3=Ersu|first3=R.|last4=Kut|first4=A.|last5=Bakac|first5=S.|last6=Dagli|first6=E.|title=Non-Cystic-Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Children: A Persisting Problem in Developing Countries|journal=Respiration|volume=72|issue=3|year=2005|pages=233–238|issn=1423-0356|doi=10.1159/000085362}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:20, 26 June 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Bronchiectasis affects extremes of age in certain indigenous populations with a slight female dominance. It is difficult to estimate the prevalence because it is often misdiagnosed. In developed countries, it is important to diagnose the underlying cause. The age of onset is adulthood. In developing countries, infection in childhood is a common cause.
Incidence
- An estimated 110,000 individuals have bronchiectasis in the United States
- Bronchiectasis often goes unrecognized or is misdiagnosed as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to an underestimated prevalence.[1]
Age
- Bronchiectasis predominantly affect extremes of age[1]
- A recent US study demonstrated a marked increased prevalence in older populations varying from 4.2/100,000 adults aged 18–34 years to 271.8/100,000 older than 75 years.[1]
Gender
- A US epidemiological study of bronchiectasis-associated hospitalizations from 1993 to 2006 demonstrated an average annual hospitalization rate of 16.5/100,000 population with a significant annual increase of 2.4% in men and 3.0% in women[1]
- The women that are infected with primary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) tend to be slender, caucasian, and older than 60 years. It is given the name of Lady Windermere syndrome which is named after a character in a novel by Oscar Wilde.
Race
- There is no known association of bronchiectasis and a particular race
- Very high prevalence has been described in certain indigenous populations such as Alaskan natives with 10-20/1000 children affected[1]
Developed Countries
- Before antibiotics, the symptoms on bronchiectasis began in the patient's first decade of life. In developed countries, the age of onset has move to adulthood (except those with cysts fibrosis).[2]
- It is important to understand the underlying cause before initiating treatment[2]
Developing Countries
- Infections are an important cause of bronchiectasis in developing countries, therefore it is diagnosed during childhood.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 McDonnell MJ, Ward C, Lordan JL, Rutherford RM (2013). "Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis". QJM. 106 (8): 709–15. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hct109. PMID 23728208.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bilton, Diana (2008). "Update on non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis". Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 14 (6): 595–599. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328312ed8c. ISSN 1070-5287.
- ↑ Karadag, B.; Karakoc, F.; Ersu, R.; Kut, A.; Bakac, S.; Dagli, E. (2005). "Non-Cystic-Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Children: A Persisting Problem in Developing Countries". Respiration. 72 (3): 233–238. doi:10.1159/000085362. ISSN 1423-0356.