Zollinger-Ellison syndrome overview: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Zollinger-Ellison syndrome''' is a disorder where increased levels of the hormone [[gastrin]] are produced, causing the [[stomach]] to produce excess [[hydrochloric acid]]. Often, the cause is a tumor ([[gastrinoma]]) of the [[duodenum]] or [[pancreas]] producing the hormone [[gastrin]]. Gastrin then causes an excessive production of acid which can lead to peptic ulcers (in almost 95% of patients)


Gastrin works on stomach [[parietal cell]]s causing them to [[Hydrogen potassium ATPase|secrete]] more [[hydrogen ion]]s into the stomach lumen. In addition, gastrin acts as a trophic factor for parietal cells, causing parietal cell hyperplasia. Thus, there is an increase in the number of acid secreting cells and each of these cells produces acid at a higher rate. The increase in acidity contributes to the development of [[peptic ulcer]]s in the stomach and duodenum.
High acid levels lead to multiple [[ulcer]]s in the stomach and small bowel.


Patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may experience abdominal pain and [[diarrhea]]. The diagnosis is also suspected in patients without symptoms who have severe ulceration of the stomach and small bowel, especially if they fail to respond to treatment.
Patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may experience abdominal pain and [[diarrhea]]. The diagnosis is also suspected in patients without symptoms who have severe ulceration of the stomach and small bowel, especially if they fail to respond to treatment.

Revision as of 12:57, 14 August 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may experience abdominal pain and diarrhea. The diagnosis is also suspected in patients without symptoms who have severe ulceration of the stomach and small bowel, especially if they fail to respond to treatment.

Gastrinomas may occur as single tumors or as multiple, small tumors. About one-half to two-thirds of single gastrinomas are malignant tumors that most commonly spread to the liver and lymph nodes near the pancreas and small bowel. Nearly 25 percent of patients with gastrinomas have multiple tumors as part of a condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN I). MEN I patients have tumors in their pituitary gland and parathyroid glands in addition to tumors of the pancreas.

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