WBR1013: Difference between revisions
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|MainCategory=Pathophysiology | |MainCategory=Pathophysiology | ||
|SubCategory=Cardiology | |SubCategory=Cardiology | ||
|Prompt= | |Prompt=Hemodynamic parameters are collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients with different medical conditions for a retrospective study. One of the patients has the following parameters:<br> | ||
Systolic blood pressure: 160 mmHg<br> | Systolic blood pressure: 160 mmHg<br> | ||
Diastolic blood pressure: 60 mmHg<br> | Diastolic blood pressure: 60 mmHg<br> | ||
Pulse: | Pulse: 102 beats per minute<br> | ||
Which of the following | Which of the following diseases is associated with the patient's hemodynamic parameters? | ||
|Explanation=The [[pulse pressure]] of this patient is: Pulse pressure = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure = 160 - 60 = 100 mmHg<br> | |Explanation=The [[pulse pressure]] of this patient is: Pulse pressure = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure = 160 - 60 = 100 mmHg<br> | ||
Widened pulse pressure is associated with [[hyperthyroidism]], [[aortic regurgitation]], and [[obstructive sleep apnea]]. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with [[aortic stenosis]], [[cardiac tamponade]], advanced [[heart failure]], and [[cardiogenic shock]]. | Widened pulse pressure is associated with [[hyperthyroidism]], [[aortic regurgitation]], and [[obstructive sleep apnea]]. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with [[aortic stenosis]], [[cardiac tamponade]], advanced [[heart failure]], and [[cardiogenic shock]]. | ||
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|AnswerBExp=[[Cardiac tamponade]] is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure. | |AnswerBExp=[[Cardiac tamponade]] is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure. | ||
|AnswerC=Advanced heart failure | |AnswerC=Advanced heart failure | ||
|AnswerCExp=Advanced heart failure is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed. | |AnswerCExp=Advanced heart failure is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed. | ||
|AnswerD=Cardiogenic shock | |AnswerD=Cardiogenic shock | ||
|AnswerDExp=[[Cardiogenic shock]] is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed. | |AnswerDExp=[[Cardiogenic shock]] is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed. | ||
|AnswerE=Hyperthyroidism | |AnswerE=Hyperthyroidism | ||
|AnswerEExp=[[Hyperthyroidism]] elevates systolic blood pressure and is associated with a widened pulse pressure. In contrast, hypothyroidism may be accompanied by elevation in diastolic blood pressure and is associated with a narrowed pulse pressure. | |AnswerEExp=[[Hyperthyroidism]] elevates systolic blood pressure and is associated with tachycardia and a widened pulse pressure. In contrast, hypothyroidism may be accompanied by elevation in diastolic blood pressure and is associated with a narrowed pulse pressure. | ||
|EducationalObjectives=Widened pulse pressure is associated with [[hyperthyroidism]], [[aortic regurgitation]], and [[obstructive sleep apnea]]. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with [[aortic stenosis]], [[cardiac tamponade]], advanced [[heart failure]], and [[cardiogenic shock]]. | |EducationalObjectives=Widened pulse pressure is associated with [[hyperthyroidism]], [[aortic regurgitation]], and [[obstructive sleep apnea]]. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with [[aortic stenosis]], [[cardiac tamponade]], advanced [[heart failure]], and [[cardiogenic shock]]. | ||
|References=First Aid 2015 page 272 | |References=First Aid 2015 page 272 | ||
Revision as of 21:46, 16 August 2015
| Author | [[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1] (Reviewed by Yazan Daaboul, M.D.)]] |
|---|---|
| Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
| Main Category | MainCategory::Pathophysiology |
| Sub Category | SubCategory::Cardiology |
| Prompt | [[Prompt::Hemodynamic parameters are collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients with different medical conditions for a retrospective study. One of the patients has the following parameters: Systolic blood pressure: 160 mmHg Which of the following diseases is associated with the patient's hemodynamic parameters?]] |
| Answer A | AnswerA::Aortic stenosis |
| Answer A Explanation | [[AnswerAExp::Aortic stenosis is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure.]] |
| Answer B | AnswerB::Cardiac tamponade |
| Answer B Explanation | [[AnswerBExp::Cardiac tamponade is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure.]] |
| Answer C | AnswerC::Advanced heart failure |
| Answer C Explanation | AnswerCExp::Advanced heart failure is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed. |
| Answer D | AnswerD::Cardiogenic shock |
| Answer D Explanation | [[AnswerDExp::Cardiogenic shock is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed.]] |
| Answer E | AnswerE::Hyperthyroidism |
| Answer E Explanation | [[AnswerEExp::Hyperthyroidism elevates systolic blood pressure and is associated with tachycardia and a widened pulse pressure. In contrast, hypothyroidism may be accompanied by elevation in diastolic blood pressure and is associated with a narrowed pulse pressure.]] |
| Right Answer | RightAnswer::E |
| Explanation | [[Explanation::The pulse pressure of this patient is: Pulse pressure = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure = 160 - 60 = 100 mmHg Widened pulse pressure is associated with hyperthyroidism, aortic regurgitation, and obstructive sleep apnea. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with aortic stenosis, cardiac tamponade, advanced heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. |
| Approved | Approved::Yes |
| Keyword | WBRKeyword::Pulse pressure, WBRKeyword::Hyperthyroidism, WBRKeyword::Cardiology, WBRKeyword::Heart, WBRKeyword::Vascular, WBRKeyword::Pulse, WBRKeyword::Blood pressure |
| Linked Question | Linked:: |
| Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |