Pituitary tumour: Difference between revisions
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==Pituitary tumour== | ==Pituitary tumour== | ||
The anterior [[pituitary]] secretes a number of [[hormones]] including: | |||
:*[[Growth hormone]] (GH) | :*[[Growth hormone]] (GH) | ||
:*[[Prolactin]] (PRL) | :*[[Prolactin]] (PRL) | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
:*[[Luteinizing hormone]] (LH) | :*[[Luteinizing hormone]] (LH) | ||
Although theoretically a tumour could secrete any of these hormones, the common tumours secrete ''growth hormone'' (see [[acromegaly]]), ''prolactin'' (see [[prolactinoma]] and [[hyperprolactinaemia]]), mixed secretions or no secretion at all. | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
*Once tumours were categorised by their light microscopic appearance but now tumours are more reliably categorised by [[immunoperoxidase]] studies. | *Once tumours were categorised by their light microscopic appearance but now tumours are more reliably categorised by [[immunoperoxidase]] studies. | ||
| Line 20: | Line 19: | ||
*CT scans, MRI and other imaging techniques are important for determining size (and seriousness of tumours), growth over time and treatment options. | *CT scans, MRI and other imaging techniques are important for determining size (and seriousness of tumours), growth over time and treatment options. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment includes: | Treatment includes: | ||
| Line 26: | Line 24: | ||
* Surgical removal | * Surgical removal | ||
* Ablation by [[radiotherapy]] | * Ablation by [[radiotherapy]] | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Most tumours are benign but are quite serious because of their position close to important brain structures. | Most tumours are benign but are quite serious because of their position close to important brain structures. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 14:04, 18 August 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pituitary tumour
The anterior pituitary secretes a number of hormones including:
- Growth hormone (GH)
- Prolactin (PRL)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
- Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Although theoretically a tumour could secrete any of these hormones, the common tumours secrete growth hormone (see acromegaly), prolactin (see prolactinoma and hyperprolactinaemia), mixed secretions or no secretion at all.
Diagnosis
- Once tumours were categorised by their light microscopic appearance but now tumours are more reliably categorised by immunoperoxidase studies.
- Blood tests for the hormones are important diagnostic tools.
- CT scans, MRI and other imaging techniques are important for determining size (and seriousness of tumours), growth over time and treatment options.
Treatment
Treatment includes:
- Bromocriptine
- Surgical removal
- Ablation by radiotherapy
Prognosis
Most tumours are benign but are quite serious because of their position close to important brain structures.