Melanoma causes: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{SSK}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{SSK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Melanoma may be caused by | Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. ''[[BRAF]]'' and/or ''[[Ras|N-RAS]]'') or may be part of familial syndromes. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Melanoma may be caused by | Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. ''[[BRAF]]'' and/or ''[[Ras|N-RAS]]'') or may be part of familial syndromes. | ||
===Sporadic Melanoma=== | ===Sporadic Melanoma=== | ||
*The majority of cases of melanoma are sporadic (90%). | *The majority of cases of melanoma are due to sporadic genetic mutations (90%). | ||
* | *More than one genetic mutations is usually required for the development of melanoma (multiple hit). | ||
*The most common mutations that result in the development of melanoma are ''BRAF'' (approximately 50% of melanomas) and N-RAS (approximately 15% of melanomas). | *The most common mutations that result in the development of melanoma are ''[[BRAF]]'' (approximately 50% of melanomas) and ''[[Ras|N-RAS]]'' (approximately 15% of melanomas). | ||
===Familial Melanoma=== | ===Familial Melanoma=== | ||
Melanoma may be caused by hereditary diseases (10%) and is associated with mutations of the ''CDKN2A'' gene: | Melanoma may be caused by hereditary diseases (10%) and is associated with mutations of the ''[[P16 (gene)|P16/CDKN2A]]'' gene: | ||
*Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM syndrome) | *Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM syndrome) | ||
*Melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome | *Melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome | ||
Revision as of 02:32, 22 August 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.
Overview
Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes.
Causes
Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes.
Sporadic Melanoma
- The majority of cases of melanoma are due to sporadic genetic mutations (90%).
- More than one genetic mutations is usually required for the development of melanoma (multiple hit).
- The most common mutations that result in the development of melanoma are BRAF (approximately 50% of melanomas) and N-RAS (approximately 15% of melanomas).
Familial Melanoma
Melanoma may be caused by hereditary diseases (10%) and is associated with mutations of the P16/CDKN2A gene:
- Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM syndrome)
- Melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome