Melanoma causes

Melanoma Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Melanoma from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Melanoma causes On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Melanoma causes All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Melanoma causes
CDC on Melanoma causes
Melanoma causes in the news
Blogs on Melanoma causes
Directions to Hospitals Treating Melanoma
Risk calculators and risk factors for Melanoma causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.

Overview

Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes (e.g. familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome).

Causes

Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes.

Sporadic Melanoma

• The majority of cases of melanoma are due to sporadic genetic mutations (90%).
• More than one genetic mutations is usually required for the development of melanoma (multiple hit).
• The most common mutations that result in the development of melanoma are BRAF (approximately 50% of melanomas) and N-RAS (approximately 15% of melanomas).

Familial Melanoma

Melanoma may be caused by hereditary diseases (10%) and is associated with mutations of the P16/CDKN2A gene:

• Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM syndrome)
• Melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome