Langerhans cell histiocytosis laboratory tests

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Laboratory Findings

• Diagnosis of LCH is confirmed histologically by tissue biopsy.
• Haemotoxilin-eosin stain of biopsy slide will show features of Langerhans cell e.g. distinct cell margin, pink granular cytoplasm. Presence of Birbeck granules on electron microscopy and immuno-cytochemical features e. g. CD1 positivity are more specific.
• Initially routine blood tests e.g. full blood count, liver function test, U&Es, bone profile are done to determine disease extent and rule out other causes.
• Assessment of endocrine function and bone marrow biopsy are also performed when indicated.

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