Myxoma overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
A '''myxoma''' (''Myxo-'' = Latin for [[mucus]]) is the most common primary [[tumor]] of the [[heart]]. Myxomas are usually located in either the [[left atrium|left]] or [[right atrium]] of the heart; about 86 percent occur in the [[left atrium]].<ref>Knepper LE, Biller J, Adams HP Jr, Bruno A. Neurologic manifestations of atrial myxoma. A 12-year experience and review. Stroke. 1988 Nov;19(11):1435-40. ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3188128 Medline abstract])</ref> | A '''myxoma''' (''Myxo-'' = Latin for [[mucus]]) is the most common primary [[tumor]] of the [[heart]]. Myxomas are usually located in either the [[left atrium|left]] or [[right atrium]] of the heart; about 86 percent occur in the [[left atrium]].<ref>Knepper LE, Biller J, Adams HP Jr, Bruno A. Neurologic manifestations of atrial myxoma. A 12-year experience and review. Stroke. 1988 Nov;19(11):1435-40. ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3188128 Medline abstract])</ref> | ||
Myxomas are typically [[peduncle (anatomy)|pedunculate]]d, with a stalk that is attached to the [[interatrial septum]]. The most common location for attachment of the stalk is the [[fossa ovalis]] region of the interatrial septum. | |||
The phrase "myxomatous degeneration" refers to the process in which [[connective tissue]] becomes filled with [[mucus]]. | |||
About 71% of myxomas occur in the heart, 41% on the skin, and 7% in the oral cavity (usually on the palate). | |||
==Historical Perspective== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
On [[gross pathology]], a gelatinous, irregular surface that fills the [[left atrium]] is characteristic findings of Myxoma. | |||
On microscopic histopathological analysis, Gamna Bodies consisting of [[fibrosis]] and deposition of [[pigments|iron pigments]] are characteristic findings of Myxoma. | |||
==Causes== | |||
Genetic factors are thought to be involved in causes of Myxoma as it tends to occur more frequently in families. | |||
==Differentiating Myxoma from other Diseases== | |||
Myxoma should be differentiated from other cardiac tumor including [[lipoma]], [[rhabdomyoma]], [[rhabdomyosarcoma]], [[thrombosis]] and [[ metastasis]]. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
The [[incidence]] of benign cardiac tumor including Myxoma is about 250 per 100.000 persons, the majority are [[infants]] and children with females being more commonly affected. | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
Common risk factors in the development of Myxoma are female gender and genetic predisposition. | |||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | |||
Myxoma is usually a [[benign tumor]], but complications such as: [[Arrhythmias]], [[Pulmonary edema]], [[Peripheral emboli]], [[metastasis]], [[Blockage of the mitral heart valve]] can occur. | |||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 14:48, 24 August 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
A myxoma (Myxo- = Latin for mucus) is the most common primary tumor of the heart. Myxomas are usually located in either the left or right atrium of the heart; about 86 percent occur in the left atrium.[1] Myxomas are typically pedunculated, with a stalk that is attached to the interatrial septum. The most common location for attachment of the stalk is the fossa ovalis region of the interatrial septum. The phrase "myxomatous degeneration" refers to the process in which connective tissue becomes filled with mucus.
About 71% of myxomas occur in the heart, 41% on the skin, and 7% in the oral cavity (usually on the palate).
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
On gross pathology, a gelatinous, irregular surface that fills the left atrium is characteristic findings of Myxoma.
On microscopic histopathological analysis, Gamna Bodies consisting of fibrosis and deposition of iron pigments are characteristic findings of Myxoma.
Causes
Genetic factors are thought to be involved in causes of Myxoma as it tends to occur more frequently in families.
Differentiating Myxoma from other Diseases
Myxoma should be differentiated from other cardiac tumor including lipoma, rhabdomyoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, thrombosis and metastasis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
The incidence of benign cardiac tumor including Myxoma is about 250 per 100.000 persons, the majority are infants and children with females being more commonly affected.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of Myxoma are female gender and genetic predisposition.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Myxoma is usually a benign tumor, but complications such as: Arrhythmias, Pulmonary edema, Peripheral emboli, metastasis, Blockage of the mitral heart valve can occur.
References
- ↑ Knepper LE, Biller J, Adams HP Jr, Bruno A. Neurologic manifestations of atrial myxoma. A 12-year experience and review. Stroke. 1988 Nov;19(11):1435-40. (Medline abstract)