Epidemiology and demographics template

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]

Introduction to the Epidemiology and Demographics Page

• The page name should be "(Disease name) epidemiology and demographics", with only the first letter of the title capitalized.
• Goal: To provide the facts and figures surrounding the determinants and distribution of disease. The page can include a description of the characteristics of the population at-risk (gender, race, age, socio-economic status, dietary considerations, geographic location, environmental conditions) and any facts or figures surrounding the distribution of the disease burden in a population.
• As with all microchapter pages linking to the main page, at the top of the edit box put {{CMG}}, your name template, and the microchapter navigation template you created at the beginning.
• Remember to create links within Wikidoc by placing [[square brackets]] around key words which you want to link to other pages. Make sure you makes your links as specific as possible. For example if a sentence contained the phrase anterior spinal artery syndrome, the link should be to anterior spinal artery syndrome not anterior or artery or syndrome. For more information on how to create links click here.
• Remember to follow the same format and capitalization of letters as outlined in the template below.
• You should include the name of the disease in the first sentence of every subsection.

Overview

• The overview section should include the disease name in the first sentence.
• The goal is to summarize the page several sentences, and the section can be the same as the Epidemiology and demographics segment on the overview page.
• To see an example, click here.

Template

• First Sentence:

In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

OR

The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.

OR

[Cancer name] is the [number] most common cancer worldwide.

• Examples:

Example 1: In 2013, the incidence of shigellosis was estimated to be 5 to 10 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Example 2: The prevalence of craniopharyngioma is estimated to be 338 cases annually.

Example 3: Stomach cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide.

• Additional Sentences:

Additional Sentence 1: The case-mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range] worldwide.

Additional Sentence 2: The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].

Additional Sentence 3: Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name]

Additional Sentence 4: [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].

Additional Sentence 5: [Gender 1] are more commonly affected with [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

Additional Sentence 6: [Disease name] affects men and women equally.

Additional Sentence 7: There is no racial predilection to the [disease name].

Additional Sentence 8: [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [ethnicity 1] race. [Ethnicity 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

Additional Sentence 9: The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.

Additional Sentence 10: [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].

• Examples:

Example 1: The case-mortality rate of MERS-CoV infection is approximately 30% to 50% worldwide.

Example 2: The majority of Chagas disease cases are reported in Central and South America.

Example 3: Patients of all age groups may develop hepatitis A infection.

Example 4: C. difficile infection is a common disease that tends to affect elderly patients > 65 years.

Example 5: Females are more commonly affected with Lupus than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 8 to 1.

Example 6: Brucellosis affects men and women equally.

Example 7: There is no racial predilection to leptospirosis.

Example 8: Melanoma usually affects individuals of the Caucasian race. African-American individuals are less likely to develop melanoma.

Example 9: The incidence of AML increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 63 years.

Example 10: Lupus erythematosus is usually first diagnosed among young women.

Prevalence

• Prevalence is defined as the total number of cases of a disease in a given population at a specific time.
• You can use one or more of these template sentences.
  • Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.

Incidence

• Incidence is defined as the number of new cases per population in a given time period.
• You can pick one or more of the template sentences below for this section:
  • Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
  • In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.

Age

• This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.
• The prevalence of (insert disease state here) increases/decreases with age.

Gender

This section describe how prevalence of the disease varies by gender.

You can use either of the following template sentences:

• The prevalence and incidence of (insert disease state here) does not vary by gender.
• Men and women are affected equally by (insert disease name here).
• (Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in men women.
• The prevalence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.
• The incidence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.

Race

This section describes how the disease differs based upon race.

You can use the following template sentence for this section:

• The prevalence of (insert disease state here) does not vary by race.
• (Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in the ____race and ____ races.

Developed Countries

• In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developed countries.
• Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the impact the disease has on society.
• For an example of a developed countries section in an epidemiology and demographics page, click here.

Developing Countries

• In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developing countries.
• Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the impact the disease has on society.
• For an example of a developing countries section in an epidemiology and demographics page, click here.

References

• References should be cited for the material that you have put on your page. Type in {{reflist|2}}.This will generate your references in small font, in two columns, with links to the original article and abstract.
• For information on how to add references into your page, click here

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