DRESS syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Natural History

• DRESS syndrome is characterized by a prolonged latency period.
• Clinical manifestations of DRESS syndrome are usually delayed 2-8 weeks following the administration of triggering drug.
• Initially, patients usually develop non-specific signs and symptoms, namely fever and rash.
• Additional clinical manifestations follow, and patients may subsequently develop lymphadenopathy, visceral disease, and worsening of the skin eruption.
• In the majority of cases, DRESS syndrome resolves following the discontinuation of triggering drug, but clinical manifestations may persist up to 3 months.

Complications

• Organ involvement is considered the most important complication of DRESS syndrome.
• Complications of DRESS syndrome include the following:

• Hepatitis
• Interstitial nephritis
• Pneumonitis
• Carditis
• Encephalopathy
• Pleuritis
• Pericarditis
• Myopathy
• Pancreatitis