Pituitary adenoma classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Pituitary tumors were, historically, | Pituitary tumors were, historically, classified as [[basophilic]], [[Acidophile|acidophilic]], or [[chromophobic]] on the basis of whether or not they took up the stains [[hematoxylin]] and [[eosin]]. This classification has fallen into disuse, in favor of a classification based on what type of [[hormone]] is secreted by the tumor (though tumors, which do not secrete any active hormone ("non-functioning tumors") are still sometimes called "chromophobic"). | ||
At present, classification of pituitary tumors is based on plasma hormone levels or [[immunohistochemical staining]]: | At present, classification of pituitary tumors is based on plasma hormone levels or [[immunohistochemical staining]]: | ||
Revision as of 12:37, 28 September 2015
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Pituitary adenoma Microchapters |
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Pituitary adenoma classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pituitary adenoma classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Pituitary adenoma classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Pituitary tumors were, historically, classified as basophilic, acidophilic, or chromophobic on the basis of whether or not they took up the stains hematoxylin and eosin. This classification has fallen into disuse, in favor of a classification based on what type of hormone is secreted by the tumor (though tumors, which do not secrete any active hormone ("non-functioning tumors") are still sometimes called "chromophobic"). At present, classification of pituitary tumors is based on plasma hormone levels or immunohistochemical staining:
| Type of adenoma | Secretion | Staining | Pathology |
| Corticotrophic adenomas | secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) | basophilic | Cushing's disease |
| Somatotrophic adenomas | secrete growth hormone (GH) | acidophilic | acromegaly (gigantism) |
| Thyrotrophic adenomas (rare) | secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | basophilic | occasionally hyperthyroidism[2], usually doesn't cause symptoms |
| Gonadotrophic adenomas | secrete luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and their subunits | basophilic | usually doesn't cause symptoms |
| Lactrotrophic adenomas or prolactinomas (most common) | secrete prolactin | acidophilic | galactorrhea, hypogonadism, amenorrhea, infertility, and impotence |
| Null cell adenomas | do not secrete hormones | may stain positive for synaptophysin |