Carcinoid syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common causes of carcinoid syndrome include genetic disorders ([multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] and neurofibromatosis type 1) and genetic mutations (gains involving chromosomes 5, 14, 17, and 19 and losses involving chromosomes 11 and 18).

Causes

Common causes of carcinoid syndrome include:

• Genetic disorders

Genetic disorder	Tumor location
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1	Carcinoids associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 appear to be of foregut origin
Neurofibromatosis type 1	Carcinoids in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 appear to arise primarily in the periampullary region

• Genetic mutations
  • Gains involving chromosomes 5, 14, 17, and 19
  • Losses involving chromosomes 11 and 18

Type of mutation	Chromosomes
Gains	Chromosome 5, Chromosome 14, Chromosome 17, and Chromosome 19
Losses	Chromosome 11 and Chromosome 18