Vulvar cancer risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of vulvar cancer are [[human papilloma virus]], [[human immunodeficiency virus]], vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and lichen sclerosis. | Common risk factors in the development of vulvar cancer are [[human papilloma virus]], [[human immunodeficiency virus]], vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and [[lichen sclerosis]]. | ||
==Known risk factors== | ==Known risk factors== | ||
===Human papilloma virus (HPV)=== | ===Human papilloma virus (HPV)=== | ||
:* Clinical survey shows HPV infection is thought to be responsible for up to half of vulvar cancers overall, and most of the cases that occur in younger women. | :* Clinical survey shows [[HPV]] infection is thought to be responsible for up to half of vulvar cancers overall, and most of the cases that occur in younger women. | ||
===Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)=== | ===Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)=== | ||
:* Scientists found that HIV can damage the body's immune system and make women more susceptible to persistent HPV infections. | :* Scientists found that [[HIV]] can damage the body's immune system and make women more susceptible to persistent [[HPV]] infections. | ||
===Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)=== | ===Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)=== | ||
:* Clinical data suggest that women with VIN have an increased risk of developing invasive vulvar cancer. | :* Clinical data suggest that women with VIN have an increased risk of developing invasive vulvar cancer. | ||
===Personal history of vulvar skin conditions=== | ===Personal history of vulvar skin conditions=== | ||
:* Women with a history of vulvar skin conditions have an increased risk of vulvar cancer. These conditions include lichen sclerosis, which is a benign condition of the vulva that causes long-term, or chronic, inflammation of the skin. Having a vulvar skin condition can cause damage to the skin of the vulva over the long term. This damage may be what increases the risk for vulvar cancer. | :* Women with a history of vulvar skin conditions have an increased risk of vulvar cancer. These conditions include [[lichen sclerosis]], which is a benign condition of the vulva that causes long-term, or chronic, inflammation of the skin. Having a vulvar skin condition can cause damage to the skin of the vulva over the long term. This damage may be what increases the risk for vulvar cancer. | ||
===Personal history of cervical, vaginal or anal cancer=== | ===Personal history of cervical, vaginal or anal cancer=== | ||
:* Women diagnosed with cancer of the cervix, vagina or anus have a higher risk of developing vulvar cancer. This may be because these cancers have similar risk factors, such as HPV infection. | :* Women diagnosed with cancer of the [[cervix]], [[vagina]] or [[anus]] have a higher risk of developing vulvar cancer. This may be because these cancers have similar risk factors, such as HPV infection. | ||
==Possible risk factors== | ==Possible risk factors== | ||
===Smoking=== | ===Smoking=== | ||
:* Studies suggest that smoking increases a woman’s risk of developing vulvar cancer. | :* Studies suggest that [[smoking]] increases a woman’s risk of developing vulvar cancer. | ||
===Personal history of melanoma=== | ===Personal history of melanoma=== | ||
:* Studies suggest that women with a personal or family history of melanoma have a higher risk of developing melanoma of the vulva. | :* Studies suggest that women with a personal or family history of [[melanoma]] have a higher risk of developing melanoma of the vulva. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:38, 30 September 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]
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Overview
Common risk factors in the development of vulvar cancer are human papilloma virus, human immunodeficiency virus, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and lichen sclerosis.
Known risk factors
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
- Clinical survey shows HPV infection is thought to be responsible for up to half of vulvar cancers overall, and most of the cases that occur in younger women.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)
- Clinical data suggest that women with VIN have an increased risk of developing invasive vulvar cancer.
Personal history of vulvar skin conditions
- Women with a history of vulvar skin conditions have an increased risk of vulvar cancer. These conditions include lichen sclerosis, which is a benign condition of the vulva that causes long-term, or chronic, inflammation of the skin. Having a vulvar skin condition can cause damage to the skin of the vulva over the long term. This damage may be what increases the risk for vulvar cancer.
Personal history of cervical, vaginal or anal cancer
Possible risk factors
Smoking
- Studies suggest that smoking increases a woman’s risk of developing vulvar cancer.
Personal history of melanoma
- Studies suggest that women with a personal or family history of melanoma have a higher risk of developing melanoma of the vulva.