Retinoblastoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{Retinoblastoma}} | {{Retinoblastoma}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
On gross pathology, | On gross pathology, viable tumor cells near blood vessels and zones of necrosis in avascular areas are characteristic findings of retinoblastoma. On microscopic histopathological analysis, small round-cell tumor of neuroepithelial origin, Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes and Homer-Wright rosettes are characteristic findings of retinoblastoma. | ||
==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
Macroscopically, viable tumor cells are found near blood vessels, while zones of necrosis are found in relatively avascular areas. Macroscopic examination reveals a white elevated mass with fine surface vessels. Early retinoblastoma presents as a solitary or multifocal, well-circumscribed translucent mass. The tumor becomes more pink in color, with dilated feeding blood vessels, as the disease advances. The tumor may exhibit three patterns of growth: | Macroscopically, viable tumor cells are found near blood vessels, while zones of necrosis are found in relatively avascular areas. Macroscopic examination reveals a white elevated mass with fine surface vessels. Early retinoblastoma presents as a solitary or multifocal, well-circumscribed translucent mass. The tumor becomes more pink in color, with dilated feeding blood vessels, as the disease advances. The tumor may exhibit three patterns of growth: | ||
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==Microscopic Pathology== | |||
Microscopically, both undifferentiated and differentiated elements may be present: | |||
*Undifferentiated elements appear as collections of small, round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. | |||
*Differentiated elements include: | |||
**Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes | |||
**Homer-Wright rosettes | |||
**Fluerettes from photoreceptor differentiation | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Eye cancer]] | *[[Eye cancer]] | ||
Revision as of 18:34, 10 October 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
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Overview
On gross pathology, viable tumor cells near blood vessels and zones of necrosis in avascular areas are characteristic findings of retinoblastoma. On microscopic histopathological analysis, small round-cell tumor of neuroepithelial origin, Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes and Homer-Wright rosettes are characteristic findings of retinoblastoma.
Gross Pathology
Macroscopically, viable tumor cells are found near blood vessels, while zones of necrosis are found in relatively avascular areas. Macroscopic examination reveals a white elevated mass with fine surface vessels. Early retinoblastoma presents as a solitary or multifocal, well-circumscribed translucent mass. The tumor becomes more pink in color, with dilated feeding blood vessels, as the disease advances. The tumor may exhibit three patterns of growth:
| Growth patterns | Features |
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Microscopic Pathology
Microscopically, both undifferentiated and differentiated elements may be present:
- Undifferentiated elements appear as collections of small, round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei.
- Differentiated elements include:
- Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes
- Homer-Wright rosettes
- Fluerettes from photoreceptor differentiation