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| {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}} | | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}} |
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| | | ==Overview== |
| ==Pathophysiology== | | ==Pathogenesis== |
| CLL affects a particular lymphocyte, the [[B cell]], which originates in the bone marrow, develops in the lymph nodes, and normally fights infection. In CLL, the DNA of a B cell is damaged, so that it can't fight infection, but it grows out of control and crowds out the healthy blood cells that can fight infection.
| | ==Genetics== |
| | | ==Associated Conditions== |
| CLL is an abnormal neoplastic proliferation of B cells. The cells accumulate mainly in the bone marrow and blood. CLL is closely related to a disease called [[small lymphocytic lymphoma]] (SLL), a type of [[non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]] which presents primarily in the [[lymph nodes]]. The [[World Health Organization]] considers CLL and SLL to be "one disease at different stages, not two separate entities".<ref name="pmid10577857">{{cite journal |author=Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Diebold J, ''et al'' |title=World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues: report of the Clinical Advisory Committee meeting-Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997 |journal=J. Clin. Oncol. |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=3835-49 |year=1999 |pmid=10577857 |doi=}}</ref>
| | ==Gross Pathology== |
| | | ==Microscopic Pathology== |
| In the past, cases with similar microscopic appearance in the blood but with a T cell phenotype were referred to as T-cell CLL. However, it is now recognized that these so-called T-cell CLLs are in fact a separate disease group and are currently classified as [[T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia]]s.
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| [[Acute lymphocytic leukemia]] (ALL) is a disease of children, but CLL is a disease of adults.
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| Uncommonly, CLL presents as enlargement of the lymph nodes without a high white blood cell count or no evidence of the disease in the blood. This is referred to as [[small lymphocytic lymphoma]].
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| The increase in lymphocytes and precursors in the bone marrow impairs the production of other [[leucocytes]] causing a decrease in such cell types.
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| ===Microscopic Pathology===
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| Shown below is a micrograph of a lymph node affected by B-CLL showing a characteristic proliferation center (right of image), composed of larger, lighter staining, cells. H&E stain.
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| [[Image:Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia_lymph_node.jpg|center|]]
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| Shown below is a video describing the peripheral smear in a case of CLL
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| {{#ev:youtube|Ku3aT7rNWo0}}
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| ==References== | | ==References== |