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| To view staging of retinoblastoma click [[Retinoblastoma classification|'''here''']]. | | To view staging of retinoblastoma click [[Retinoblastoma classification|'''here''']]. |
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| ==Overview==
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| Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).
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| ==Staging==
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| The International Classification for Intraocular Retinoblastoma, based upon the Philadelphia and Murphree systems,<ref name="pmid10388023">{{cite journal| author=Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D| title=Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes. | journal=Oncologist | year= 1997 | volume= 2 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-5 | pmid=10388023 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388023 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid15136321">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA| title=Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 2004 | volume= 122 | issue= 5 | pages= 729-35 | pmid=15136321 | doi=10.1001/archopht.122.5.729 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15136321 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref> is currently the classification being used by the Children's Oncology Group in multicenter treatment protocols <ref name="pmid16996605">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Au AK, Czyz C, Leahey A, Meadows AT et al.| title=The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 2006 | volume= 113 | issue= 12 | pages= 2276-80 | pmid=16996605 | doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16996605 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref>. The goal of International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) is to reflect the likelihood of ocular survival based on modern treatment techniques such as chemotherapy and focal therapy. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) was developed to better predict those with intraocular retinoblastoma who are likely to be cured without the need for external-beam radiation treatment or enucleation.
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| ===The International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS)===
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| {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align=center
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage}}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Features}}
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
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| :Stage 0
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *Patients treated conservatively
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
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| :Stage I
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *eye enucleated, completely resected histologically
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
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| :Stage II
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *eye enucleated, microscopic residual tumor
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
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| :Stage III
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| :Stage III A
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| :Stage III B
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *regional extension
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| *overt orbital disease
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| *preauricular or cervical lymph node extension
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
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| :Stage IV
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| :Stage IV A
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| :Stage IV B
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *Metastasis
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| *haematogeneous metastasis without CNS involvement
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| *single lesion
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| *multiple lesions
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| *preauricular or cervical lymph node extension
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| *CNS metastatic involvement
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| *prechiasmatic lesion
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| *CNS mass
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| *leptomeningeal disease
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| |}
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Eye cancer]]
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| *[[Eye examination]]
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| {{Nervous tissue tumors}}
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| [[Category:Ophthalmology]]
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| [[Category:Types of cancer]]
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| [[Category:hereditary cancers]]
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| [[Category:Oncology stub]]
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