Ovarian germ cell tumor CT: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
'''Dysgerminomas '''<ref name= xab> Ovarian dysgerminoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-dysgerminoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | '''Dysgerminomas '''<ref name= xab> Ovarian dysgerminoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-dysgerminoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | ||
* Calcification may be present in a speckled pattern. Characteristic imaging findings include multilobulated solid masses with prominent fibrovascular septa | * [[Calcification ]]may be present in a speckled pattern. Characteristic imaging findings include multilobulated solid masses with prominent fibrovascular septa | ||
* Post contrast imaging can often show enhancement of the septae | * Post contrast imaging can often show enhancement of the septae | ||
'''Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma'''<ref name= abc> Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mature-cystic-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | '''Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma'''<ref name= abc> Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mature-cystic-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | ||
* CT has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of cystic | * [[CT ]]has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of cystic [[teratoma]]s though it is not routinely recommended for this purpose owing to its ionising radiation | ||
* Typically CT images demonstrate fat (areas with very low Hounsfield values), fat-fluid level, calcification (sometimes dentiform), Rokitansky protuberance, and tufts of hair | * Typically CT images demonstrate fat (areas with very low Hounsfield values), fat-fluid level, calcification (sometimes dentiform), Rokitansky protuberance, and tufts of [[hair]] | ||
* The presence of most of the above tissues is diagnostic of ovarian cystic teratomas in 98% of cases | * The presence of most of the above tissues is diagnostic of ovarian cystic teratomas in 98% of cases | ||
* Whenever the size exceeds 10 cm or soft tissue plugs and cauliflower appearance with irregular borders are seen, malignant transformation should be suspected | * Whenever the size exceeds 10 cm or soft tissue plugs and cauliflower appearance with irregular borders are seen, malignant transformation should be suspected | ||
* When ruptured, the characteristic hypoattenuating fatty fluid can be found as antidependent pockets, typically below the right hemidiaphragm, a pathognomonic finding | * When ruptured, the characteristic hypoattenuating fatty fluid can be found as antidependent pockets, typically below the right hemidiaphragm, a pathognomonic finding | ||
* The escaped cyst content also leads to a chemical peritonitis and the mesentery may be stranded and the peritoneum thickened, which may mimicperitoneal carcinomatosis | * The escaped [[cyst]] content also leads to a chemical [[peritonitis ]]and the [[mesentery]] may be stranded and the peritoneum thickened, which may mimicperitoneal carcinomatosis | ||
'''Immature teratoma'''<ref name= yyy> Immature ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/immature-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | '''Immature teratoma'''<ref name= yyy> Immature ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/immature-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | ||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
CT and MRI | CT and MRI | ||
* The presence of a prominent solid component containing calcifications and small foci of fat is suggestive | * The presence of a prominent solid component containing calcifications and small foci of fat is suggestive | ||
* Cystic components may contain serous, mucinous, or fatty sebaceous material. Haemorrhage may be present | * Cystic components may contain [[serous]], [[mucinous]], or fatty sebaceous material. [[Haemorrhage]] may be present | ||
'''Ovarian choriocarcinoma''' <ref name=yac>Ovarian choriocarcinoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-choriocarcinoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | '''Ovarian choriocarcinoma''' <ref name=yac>Ovarian choriocarcinoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-choriocarcinoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015</ref> | ||
On imaging, choriocarcinomas appear as vascular solid tumours with cystic, haemorrhagic, and necrotic areas. | On imaging, choriocarcinomas appear as vascular solid tumours with cystic, haemorrhagic, and [[necrotic]] areas. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:43, 17 November 2015
|
Ovarian germ cell tumor Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Ovarian germ cell tumor CT On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ovarian germ cell tumor CT |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Ovarian germ cell tumor CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]
Overview
CT
Dysgerminomas [1]
- Calcification may be present in a speckled pattern. Characteristic imaging findings include multilobulated solid masses with prominent fibrovascular septa
- Post contrast imaging can often show enhancement of the septae
Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma[2]
- CT has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of cystic teratomas though it is not routinely recommended for this purpose owing to its ionising radiation
- Typically CT images demonstrate fat (areas with very low Hounsfield values), fat-fluid level, calcification (sometimes dentiform), Rokitansky protuberance, and tufts of hair
- The presence of most of the above tissues is diagnostic of ovarian cystic teratomas in 98% of cases
- Whenever the size exceeds 10 cm or soft tissue plugs and cauliflower appearance with irregular borders are seen, malignant transformation should be suspected
- When ruptured, the characteristic hypoattenuating fatty fluid can be found as antidependent pockets, typically below the right hemidiaphragm, a pathognomonic finding
- The escaped cyst content also leads to a chemical peritonitis and the mesentery may be stranded and the peritoneum thickened, which may mimicperitoneal carcinomatosis
Immature teratoma[3]
CT and MRI
- The presence of a prominent solid component containing calcifications and small foci of fat is suggestive
- Cystic components may contain serous, mucinous, or fatty sebaceous material. Haemorrhage may be present
Ovarian choriocarcinoma [4]
On imaging, choriocarcinomas appear as vascular solid tumours with cystic, haemorrhagic, and necrotic areas.
References
- ↑ Ovarian dysgerminoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-dysgerminoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
- ↑ Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mature-cystic-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
- ↑ Immature ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/immature-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
- ↑ Ovarian choriocarcinoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-choriocarcinoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015