Ovarian germ cell tumor overview: Difference between revisions
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Ovarian germ cell tumor must be differentiated from other neoplastic ovarian mass, non neoplastic ovarian mass, and adnexal mass. | Ovarian germ cell tumor must be differentiated from other neoplastic ovarian mass, non neoplastic ovarian mass, and adnexal mass. | ||
==Staging== | |||
According to the FIGO [[cancer staging]] system, there are 4 stages of ovarian germ cell tumor. | |||
Revision as of 20:38, 18 November 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]
Classification
Ovarian germ cell tumor may be classified into 7 subtypes based on histology.[1]
Pathophysiology
It is difficult to distinguish subtypes of ovarian germ cell tumor on gross pathology alone. The majority of ovarian germ cell tumors have a solid and cystic appearance with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. On microscopic pathology, ovarian germ cell tumors may be characterized by a uniform “fried egg” appearance (dysgerminoma), presence of Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor), presence of embryonic-like neural, GI, and/or cartilaginous tissue (teratoma), or mixed histopathological features (embryonal cell carcinoma).
Epidemiology and Demographics
Ovarian germ cell tumor are rare tumors, accounting for 2% to 3% of all ovarian cancers. The median age for diagnosis is 16 to 20 (range 6 to 40 years)[2]
Risk Factors
Abnormal gonads (due to gonadal dysgenesis and androgen insensitivity syndrome) have a high risk of developing a dysgerminoma.[3]
Differentiating From Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor Other Diseases
Ovarian germ cell tumor must be differentiated from other neoplastic ovarian mass, non neoplastic ovarian mass, and adnexal mass.
Staging
According to the FIGO cancer staging system, there are 4 stages of ovarian germ cell tumor.
References
- ↑ Cellular Classification of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors. http://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/hp/ovarian-germ-cell-treatment-pdq#section/_. URL Accessed on November 4, 2015
- ↑ Updates in the Management of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors. http://meetinglibrary.asco.org/content/31-132. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
- ↑ Kliegman, Robert (2011). Nelson textbook of pediatrics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4377-0755-7.