Sandbox: table diagnosis myxoa: Difference between revisions

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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|B
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas. They appear as hyperechogenic lesions with a well-defined stalk. Moreover, echocardiography can be useful to assess the mobility of the tumor, as it often protrude through valve flaps.
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|C
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|C
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|D
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|B
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature. In some cases, it is considered appropriate that older patients undergo coronary angiography to rule out the presence of ischemic heart diseases
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|C
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|C
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|D

Revision as of 16:27, 25 November 2015

The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate Cardiac Myxoma from other conditions that cause Emboli and hemorrhage:

Imaging Technique Features Sensitivity Specificity Limitations
Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas. They appear as hyperechogenic lesions with a well-defined stalk. Moreover, echocardiography can be useful to assess the mobility of the tumor, as it often protrude through valve flaps. C D E
MRI Cardiac myxomas appear spherical or ovoid with lobular contours, irregular in shape.

T1: tend to be low to intermediate signal, but areas of haemorrhage may be high T2: can be variable due to heterogeneity in tumour componants; e.g calcific components > low signal; myxomatous components > high signal GE (gradient echo): may show blooming of calcific components T1 C+ (Gd): shows enhancement (important discriminator from a thrombus) demonstrates uniform heterogeneous enhancement.

C D E
CT Intracardiac heterogeneously low attenuating mass. The attenuation is usally lower than that of myocardium, coarse dystrophic calcification is common. C D E
Angiography The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature. In some cases, it is considered appropriate that older patients undergo coronary angiography to rule out the presence of ischemic heart diseases C D E
Chest x-ray Results can be normal. Otherwise, common findings include cardiomegaly, left atrial enlargement, vascular redistribution, prominent pulmonary trunk, and intracardiac tumoral calcification(rare). C D E