Tongue cancer epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

In 2009, the incidence of tongue cancer was estimated to be 10,530 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Males are more commonly affected with tongue cancer than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. The incidence of tongue cancer increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 61 years. Approximately one-third of all diagnoses occurred in patients under the age of 55. There is no racial predilection to the tongue cancer.

Epidemiology and Demographics

In the United States, cancers of the oral cavity represent 2% of all cancers diagnosed annually. In Australia and Europe, the incidence of oral cavity cancer is very low, accounting for less than 5% of all cancers. In France, oral cavity cancer is the third most common cancer in males and the second most common cause of death from cancer.

Incidence

In 2009, the incidence of tongue cancer was estimated to be 10,530 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Approximately one in 324 men and women will be diagnosed with tongue cancer in their lifetime. According to the National Cancer Institute in the year 2011, the incidence of tongue cancer was estimated to be approximately 12,060 cases per 100, 000 individuals. Out of those approximately 71% (ie, 8,560) were men and 29% (ie, 3500) were women.

Gender

Males are more commonly affected with tongue cancer than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1.

Race

There is no racial predilection to the tongue cancer.

Age

The incidence of tongue cancer increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 61 years. Approximately one-third of all diagnoses occurred in patients under the age of 55. According to the National Cancer Institute from 2004-2008, the age at diagnosis and percentage of people diagnosed with tongue cancer are shown below:

Age at diagnosis	percentage of people diagnosed with tongue cancer
Under the age of 20	0.2% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 20- 34	2.0% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 35- 44	6.0% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 45- 54	20.8% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 55- 64	31% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 65- 74	21.9% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
Between the ages of 75- 84	13.5% of all tongue cancer diagnosis
The age of 85 years and above	4.6% of all tongue cancer diagnosis